Design of Sierpinski Gasket Fractal Antenna With Slits for Multiband Application

Ramli, Mohamad Hafize; Aziz, Mohamad Zoinol Abidin Abd; Othman, Mohd Azlishah; Nornikman, H.; Azizi, Muhammad Syafiq Noor; Azlan, Siti Nurfarhanah Azizul; Dahalan, Abdul Halim; Sulaiman, Hamzah Asyrani

doi:10.11113/jt.v78.8777

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…A large number of reconfigurable antennas based on active switches, such as PIN diodes, varactors and RF MEMS have been reported in recent years [6], [7]. These antennas were often built on a non-flexible substrate and could be reconfigured in terms of resonant frequencies [8], radiation patterns [9] and polarization [10].…”

Section: Figure 1 Application Areas For Flexible Electronics [5]mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The proposed antenna exhibits a filtering function, the frequency of the design antenna changes from 6.2 to 6.5 GHz, with no extra interferences. In [7], investigated the performance of a multiband Sierpinski fractal antenna with a triangular form. RF-MEMS switches were also employed to regulate the antenna components.…”

Section: B Reconfigurable Performance Metricsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Advancement of Wearable Reconfigurable Antenna Technologies: A Review

et al. 2022

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Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) technology is gaining popularity in personal communication due to the expanding improvement in wireless technology. Wearable antennas are utilized in various WBAN applications including personal healthcare, entertainment, military, and many more due to their attractive characteristics and the potential for integrating lightweight, compact, low-cost, and adaptable wireless communications. A wearable reconfigurable antenna will allow a single antenna to operate at multiple resonant frequencies, radiation, polarization or hybrid between them, by using single or multiple active switching devices for signal transmission and reception in different parts of human body, rather than using multiple antennas. Over the years, several review papers were reported on wearable antennas which discussed the requirements and issues of wearable antennas in terms of their design, fabrication, and measurement. Nowadays, WBAN technology employs a single wearable reconfigurable antenna to perform multiple functions in different parts of human body. Recently, a significant amount of work has been carried out in the area of wearable reconfigurable antennas for WBAN applications. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the requirements and analysis needed for wearable reconfigurable antennas such as Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) for on-body analysis, investigation of the antennas in bending conditions, reconfigurable techniques and reconfigurable performance metrics.

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Section: Figure 1 Application Areas For Flexible Electronics [5]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Reconfigurable Performance Metricsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advancement of Wearable Reconfigurable Antenna Technologies: A Review

et al. 2022

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“…no. DOI/URL 72 https://doi.org/10.21307/ijssis-2021-007 73 https://doi.org/10.1017/S1759078713000123 74 https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v78.8777 12 https://doi.org/10.1080/02522667.2020.1715561 75 https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTC.2012.6387170 76 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-017-4079-5 77 https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECDS.2017.8389905 78 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeue.2012.08.007 79 https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/2084747 80 https://doi.org/10.1002/mop.30489 81 https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-map.2016.0154 82 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10825-018-1194-9 83 https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-map.2016.0110 84 https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-10742018v17i31244 85 https://doi.org/10.1002/mop.30156 86 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aej.2017.04.001 87 https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCSP.2016.7754104 88 https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2015/v8i17/66573 89 https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-map.2016.1098 90 https://doi.org/10.1002/mmce.22058…”

Section: Data Availability Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

An extensive survey on fractal structures using iterated function system in patch antennas

Ezhumalai

Nagarajan

Balasubramaniyan³

2021

Int J Communication

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Summary Over the last few years, fractal structure has been used in several engineering fields such as surface physics, telecommunication, fluid mechanics, and so forth. In telecommunication, often there is a demand for miniaturized patch antennas with fractal structures because it is capable of handling very high frequencies with its diminutive structure. The space filling capability of the fractal structures is used to effectively distribute the surface current all over the radiating material. Fractal structures have a better size reduction capability which aids a miniaturized antenna design. This article provides a generalized and detailed survey on fractal structures in a Euclidean space using iterated function system (IFS) in patch antennas. There are various techniques to design a fractal structure, namely, IFSs, escape‐time fractals, strange attractors, L‐systems, random fractals, and so forth. IFSs are widely used technique to construct a finite set of construction mapping on a complete metric space. The fractal geometries designed using the technique are Sierpinski carpet and gasket, Koch snowflake, deterministic tree/binary tree, Gosper island, Minkowski island, Cantor set, T‐square, and some space filling fractals. This paper deals with the above given fractal structures with their design expressions and shapes in recent developments and applications mentioned. The fractal geometries are used in MIMO antennas to abridge the mutually coupled radiators and improve the gain and efficiency of the antenna. This paper also analyzes the effects of fractal structures on MIMO antennas and discusses the ascendancy fractal structures by cross‐referencing the significant antenna parameters.

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“…There is several research on the Sierpinski gasket fractal antenna have been done. Kaur [18] introduces a complementary Sierpinski gasket fractal antenna array for wireless MIMO portable devices with 8.2 % bandwidth at the center frequency of 4.94 GHz (4.74 GHz -5.15 GHz. In another work, Ramli [19] designed a Sierpinski Gasket Fractal Antenna (SGFA) with slits for multiband applications at 2.4 GHz and 5.0 GHz [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CPW Fractal Antenna with Third Iteration of Pentagonal Sierpinski Gasket Island for 3.5 GHz WiMAX and 5.2 GHz WLAN Applications

Rashid

Ahmad

Aziz

et al. 2023

Int. j. electr. comput. eng. syst. (Online)

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Nowadays, the compact and multiband antennas are typically required for personal communication devices in the continuously developing wireless communication industry. The fractal antenna with the third iteration of the pentagonal Sierpinski gasket island for WiMAX and WLAN applications is presented in this work. It starts with the fundamental design of the square patch (Antenna A1) and pentagonal patch (Antenna A2). This simulation work is done using CST Microwave Studio simulation studio by applying the concept of the zero, first, second and third fractal iteration. Then, it goes on to use the fractal geometry concept of the Sierpinski gasket island structure with three designs step. The designs consist of the first iteration (Antenna B1), second iteration (Antenna B2) and third iteration (Antenna B3) of fractal geometry. The simulation work of Antenna B3 is compared with the fabrication work of the same design. After that, the measurement of the Antenna B3 is done in laboratory with - 29.55 dB at 3.41 GHz and - 20.40 dB at 5.28 GHz for its operating frequencies with bandwidth of 3.52 GHz and 5.48 GHz, respectively. At targeting 3.5 GHz WiMAX, 5.2 GHz WLAN application and 7.24 GHz of Antenna B3, the antenna shows the – 17.78 dB, - 29.63 dB and – 22.73 dB, respectively, and this value is feasible for WiMAX and WLAN operation.

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Design of Sierpinski Gasket Fractal Antenna With Slits for Multiband Application

Cited by 6 publications

References 7 publications

Recent Advancement of Wearable Reconfigurable Antenna Technologies: A Review

Recent Advancement of Wearable Reconfigurable Antenna Technologies: A Review

An extensive survey on fractal structures using iterated function system in patch antennas

CPW Fractal Antenna with Third Iteration of Pentagonal Sierpinski Gasket Island for 3.5 GHz WiMAX and 5.2 GHz WLAN Applications

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