Design of power-efficient parallel pipelined Bloom filter

Abstract

A Bloom filter is a space-efficient hash filter which is widely used in various areas. In fact, high throughput and low power consumption have been required in the Bloom filter architecture. To satisfy these requirements, proposed is a new parallelised Bloom filter design. The proposed design provides performance improvement with lower power consumption and higher computation throughput compared to the regular Bloom filter.Introduction: Bloom filters were first introduced by B. Bloom in 1970 [1] and have been widely adopted in various areas owing to the hardware efficiency. Those areas include database systems, peer-to-peer applications, resource routing, and traffic management [2]. Especially, the performance issues in designing the Bloom filter have been raised in the applications which require high speed string matching such as network intrusion detection systems (NIDS) and deep packet inspection [3].A general Bloom filter is composed of multiple hash functions and a lookup array. The lookup array which is m-bit wide represents a set of n different signatures. To evaluate a query string, specific k bits in the lookup array are examined; the bit positions are pointed by the hash results. If those k bits are set to 1, the query is decided to be a member of the set. In fact, there is a possibility that a non-member query string might be evaluated as a member of the signatures, which is false positive rate (FPR). The FPR of a Bloom filter can be estimated as f in the following equation, where n is the number of signatures, m is the size of a lookup array, and k is the number of hash functions [3]:

First-principles molecular dynamics simulation of the Ca2UO2(CO3)3 complex in water

“…The concentration of uranium in seawater is very minute at about 3.3 ppb, but the large mass of seawater contains about 4.5 billion metric tons of uranium. 1 Mining uranium from seawater can provide an ideal sustainable alternative to current uranium mining methods (open pit, underground, and leaching) that create much environmental concern. In addition, extraction from seawater can provide a price ceiling for uranium that is of strategic importance in evaluating the economics of long-term supply of uranium for nuclear energy.…”

“…Currently, the most viable method is utilizing an amidoxime-functionalized polymer sorbent known as poly(acrylamidoxime) fibers. [1][2][3][4][5][6] However, to make the uranium extraction from seawater economically viable, sorbent performance in terms of uranium uptake and uranium/vanadium selectivity needs to be further improved. 1,7 To design a better ligand and sorbent for uranium extraction, it is necessary to understand the fundamentals about uranium speciation in seawater.…”

Extraction of local coordination structure in a low-concentration uranyl system by XANES

“…As the most important component of nuclear fuel, uranium occurs in four different oxidation states (Vitova et al, 2010 as follows: U 3+ (U [III]), U 4+ (U[IV]), UO 2+ (U[V]) and UO 2 2+ (U[VI]/uranyl ion); it easily forms various molecular structures with different ligands, which directly determine macroscopic physical and chemical properties (Altmaier et al, 2013;Geckeis et al, 2013;Knope & Soderholm, 2013). Generally, the structural chemistry of the uranyl ion (UO 2 2+ ) is central to the reprocessing of nuclear waste, sequestration of uranium from seawater, and analysis of the effects of uranium on the environment and geosphere (Berto et al, 2012;Stoliker et al, 2013;Kim et al, 2013). The uranyl ion has axial transdioxo atoms in the apical position and equatorial coordination geometry bound to the surrounding ligands (e.g.…”