Design Of Photopolymer Holograms For Optical Interconnect Applications

Kirsch, James C.; Gregory, Don A.; Hudson, Tracy D.; Lanteigne, David J.

doi:10.1117/12.7976674

Cited by 17 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Photopolymers have been extensively investigated as holographic recording media for several decades − for many applications, including holographic scanners, , LCD displays, , helmet-mounted displays, optical interconnects, − waveguide couplers, holographic diffusers, − laser eye protection devices, automotive lighting, and security holograms. , Materials adequate for commercial application in archival data storage, however, have not yet been developed. Holograms (data) are stored in photopolymer materials as spatial modulations of refractive index created in response to an interference pattern generated by incident laser beams.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epoxy Resin−Photopolymer Composites for Volume Holography

2000

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Efficient materials for recording volume holograms are described that could potentially find application in archival data storage. These materials are prepared by mixing photopolymerizable vinyl monomers with a liquid epoxy resin and an amine hardener. A solid matrix is formed in situ as the epoxy cures at room temperature. The unreacted vinyl monomers are subsequently photopolymerized during hologram recording. A key feature of these materials is the separation of the epoxy and vinyl polymerizations. This separation allows for a large index contrast to be developed in holograms when components are optimized. The standard material described in this work consists of a low index matrix (n = 1.46), comprised of diethylenetriamine and 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether, and a high index photopolymer mixture (n = 1.60) of N-vinylcarbazole and N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone. This material is functional in thick formats (several millimeters), which enables narrow angular bandwidth and high diffraction efficiency. A dynamic range (M/#) up to 13 has been measured in these materials. Holographic performance is highly dependent on the amount of amine hardener used, as well as on photopolymer shrinkage.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epoxy Resin−Photopolymer Composites for Volume Holography

2000

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“…Photopolymers having photoreactive composite have been interested as a holographic recording media [1-3] for their possible applications holographic scanners [4,5], LCD displays [6,7], optical interconnects [8][9][10], waveguide couplers [11], laser eye protection devices [12], automotivelighting [13], and security holograms. [14,15] Photopolymer can be divided to several different types of photopolymers: dry film type [16,17], solution type [18,19], and liquid crystal (LC) composite type.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holographic security media prepared from photochromic fluorescent films

Kim

2008

Optical Materials in Defence Systems Technology V

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Holographic recording using a multi-functional photopolymer was explored for securities and anticounterfeit. The preparation of photofunctional photopolymer film was based on monomers and photochromic fluorescent material, which provides information recording and security of the information, respectively. The content of the monomer and photochromophore for such photopolymer film was optimized to give high diffraction efficiency and high photochromic contrast. A highly secure recording and reading method was suggested for the recorded information, based on diffraction, color and fluorescence change.

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“…Mixtures containing monomers polymerizable under visible light irradiation in the presence of absorbing compounds, called photoinitiators, have many applications, such as the obtention of holographic optical elements [1] and in real time holographic interferometry [2] because in many cases these so-called 'photopolymer systems' present high diffraction efficiencies and high signal-to-noise ratios [3]. When the photoinitiator is a xanthen dye such as Rose Bengal (RB) or Eosin (EO) the polymerization rates undergo a clear increase when irradiated with visible light in the presence of aromatic carbonyl compounds currently used as type I UV photoinitiators, such as benzophenones, benzoins, benzils, or their monooximes or O-acylmonooximes [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced activity as polymerization photoinitiators of Rose Bengal and Eosin esters with an O-benzoyl-α-oxooxime group: The role of the excited state reactivity

Burget

Fouassier²,

Amat‐Guerri

et al. 1999

Acta Polym.

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New Eosin and Rose Bengal ester with an O-benzoyl-a-oxooxime group were synthesized and evaluated as visible light photoinitiators for polymerization in the presence of an amine. The dyes EO-AO and RB-AO are clearly better photoinitiators, with higher Rp values, than the corresponding physical mixtures dye/acyloxime, or than the corresponding pure dyes. However, the relative efficiencies of the different dye/amine and dye/amine/AO mixtures show that if RB is better than EO in the binary mixture, the situation was reversed after addition of AO. The spectroscopic and electrochemical properties of the dyes were measured and the forecasts of thermodynamic calculations were confirmed by time resolved laser spectroscopy experiments which show that the species formed by reaction of the excited dyes eosin and RB with AO were not the same. One observes the dominating formation of the oxidized form of the acyloxime with eosin and its reduced form in the case of Rose Bengal which lead in the case of EO to a larger amount of radicals per photon absorbed and a better initiating efficiency.

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Design Of Photopolymer Holograms For Optical Interconnect Applications

Cited by 17 publications

References 1 publication

Epoxy Resin−Photopolymer Composites for Volume Holography

Epoxy Resin−Photopolymer Composites for Volume Holography

Holographic security media prepared from photochromic fluorescent films

Enhanced activity as polymerization photoinitiators of Rose Bengal and Eosin esters with an O-benzoyl-α-oxooxime group: The role of the excited state reactivity

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