Design of Palladium-Coated Long-Period Fiber Grating for Hydrogen Sensing

Basumallick, Nandini; Biswas, Palas; Carter, Richard M.; Maier, Robert R. J.; Bandyopadhyay, Sankhyabrata; Dasgupta, Kamal; Bandyopadhyay, Somnath

doi:10.1109/jlt.2016.2604481

Cited by 18 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…7b. In the case of detection of the change in surface RI, sensitivity is not that significant but still can be used for the detection of gases like hydrogen, where a high percentage of RI change can occur in a sensitive Palladium layer [36]. After a detailed numerical computation, it can be shown that properly designed cladding modes of FBG possess enough sensitivity (S t h ) for the detection of sub-nm adhesion of the target analyte layer over the surface.…”

Section: Numerical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Employing Higher Order Cladding Modes of Fiber Bragg Grating for Analysis of Refractive Index Change in Volume and at the Surface

et al. 2020

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In this work, a detailed study on volume and surface refractive index (RI) sensitivity of cladding modes for a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) based sensor is presented. Surface RI sensitivity of the cladding mode of FBGs has been illustrated and quantified with the concept of add-layer sensitivity for the first time to the best of our knowledge. A detailed investigation of mode transition of higher-order cladding modes has been revisited and important characteristics of the cladding modes are observed which could open a new designing path of fabrication and innovative way of the use of this family of optical fiber grating-based sensors. The effect of "mode transition" of higher-order cladding modes, higher operating wavelength for respective cladding mode and "mode stretching" effects are combined together to achieve higher volume and surface RI sensitivity of cladding mode of FBG. It has been shown numerically that with proper designing, sub-nanometer (∼0.04 nm) attachment of target analyte could be recognized by cladding mode of FBG which is quite promising for application in optical fiber grating bio-sensors. This critical designing method of FBG based surface refractometer would be very helpful in case of the fabrication of highly sensitive sensors for distinct biochemical applications.

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Section: Numerical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Employing Higher Order Cladding Modes of Fiber Bragg Grating for Analysis of Refractive Index Change in Volume and at the Surface

et al. 2020

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“…Another approach is to deposit an overlay on the LPFG. The overlay materials include cuprous oxide [15], palladium [16], and graphene oxide (GO) [17]. As the basal plane of GO is surrounded by epoxide and hydroxyl groups, and the edges are modified by carboxyl groups, GO can interact with the surrounding medium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refractive Index Sensor Based on Graphene Oxide-Coated Long-Period Fiber Grating Inscribed in a Two-Mode Fiber

Sang

Wang

et al. 2020

IEEE Access

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Refractive index (RI) sensing is a promising technique in a variety of different scientific and industrial applications. In this paper, we theoretically and experimentally propose a newly-designed RI sensor. The proposed sensor consists of a particular long-period fiber grating inscribed in a two-mode fiber (LPFG-TMF) coated with tunable graphene oxide (GO), and the special structure allows an extremely high sensitivity in the transition region. The mode coupling between the LP 11 core mode and the sixth-order cladding mode in the LPFG-TMF offers an apparently higher sensitivity feature. And the sensitivity is higher than that of a single-mode fiber-based LPFG (LPFG-SMF), which originates from the coupling between the core mode and the sixth-order cladding mode. Furthermore, the ultrasonic treatment time of GO, which impacts on the properties and performance of RI sensing, is also studied and investigated. Proof-of-concept results demonstrate significantly that comparing with the bare LPFG-TMF (621.66 nm/RIU) and LPFG-SMF coated with GO ultrasonicated 5 hours (323.68nm/RIU), the LPFG-TMF coated with GO ultra-sonicated 5 hours performs optimized sensitivity of 11605.79 nm/RIU when surrounding RI ranges from 1.4558 to 1.4577. With its premium ability to operate highsensitivity measurements, the RI sensing is expected to be useful for broad applications across the chemical fields. INDEX TERMS graphene oxide, long-period fiber grating, refractive index measurement, two-mode fiber.

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“…As compared to other methods, optical sensor devices promise to yield highly sensitive, relatively compact, low-cost, and reliable operation. To date, various different optical detection schemes benefiting from surface plasmon resonances [9,10], photonic crystals [11], Bragg gratings [12][13][14], optical fibers [15], and optical microresonators [16] have been demonstrated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-slot hybrid microring resonator hydrogen sensor

2017

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Photonic integrated circuits fabricated on silicon-on-insulator platforms offer convenient foundations to implement highly sensitive, compact, robust, and low-cost technology in sensing applications. The potential of this technology in hydrogen gas sensing is discussed in this study. A single-slot hybrid microring-resonator-(MRR) based hydrogen gas sensor utilizing a coaxial palladium (Pd) microdisk is demonstrated. Detection is based on expansion of Pd upon hydrogen exposure toward the slot between the outer radius of the Pd microdisk and the inner radius of the MRR and the subsequent shift of the whispering gallery modes (WGMs) propagating in the MRR. Finite-difference time-domain simulations indicate a sensitivity as high as 11.038 nm/% hydrogen, provided that optimum geometrical design parameters are chosen. This sensitivity value is ∼23 times higher than other existing WGM-based hydrogen sensor demonstrations.

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Design of Palladium-Coated Long-Period Fiber Grating for Hydrogen Sensing

Cited by 18 publications

References 32 publications

Employing Higher Order Cladding Modes of Fiber Bragg Grating for Analysis of Refractive Index Change in Volume and at the Surface

Employing Higher Order Cladding Modes of Fiber Bragg Grating for Analysis of Refractive Index Change in Volume and at the Surface

Refractive Index Sensor Based on Graphene Oxide-Coated Long-Period Fiber Grating Inscribed in a Two-Mode Fiber

Single-slot hybrid microring resonator hydrogen sensor

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