Design of non-flammable mixed refrigerant Joule-Thomson refrigerator for precooling stage of high temperature superconducting power cable

Lee, Cheonkyu; Jin, Lingxue; Park, Changgi; Jeong, Sangkwon

doi:10.1016/j.cryogenics.2016.11.003

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…According to whether the natural gas liquefaction process and the mixed refrigerant cycle are independent, the mixed-refrigerant cycle without pre-cooling can be divided into closed MRC process and open MRC process [20].…”

Section: Mixed-refrigerant Cycle Without Pre-coolingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Analysis of Natural Gas Liquefaction Technology

Wu¹,

Wang²,

Dong³

et al. 2022

Fluid Dynamics &Amp; Materials Processing

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Section: Mixed-refrigerant Cycle Without Pre-coolingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Analysis of Natural Gas Liquefaction Technology

Wu¹,

Wang²,

Dong³

et al. 2022

Fluid Dynamics &Amp; Materials Processing

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“…A seven-component non-flammable mixed refrigerant was applied to a cryosurgical probe system by Skye et al [7,8] and a minimum temperature of 140 K was achieved. The pressure drop of non-flammable mixtures in the system was tested and correlated by Baek et al [9] In recent years, Jeong et al [10][11][12][13] measured the freezing point of N2+Ar+R14+R218 and showed that the freezing point of the mixture might be below 77 K. Then, they applied the mixture to a high-temperature superconducting system. Wang et al [14] selected mixed refrigerants in the oxygen liquefaction and obtained excellent performance by simulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of nonflammable mixed refrigerants based on the partial molar enthalpy difference in mixed-refrigerant Joule-Thomson refrigerators with/no pre-cooling stage

Wang,

Zhao,

Sun

et al. 2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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Mixed-refrigerant Joule-Thomson refrigeration (MJTR) is an important cooling method at temperatures from 80 to 230 K. It can be used in cryosurgery, high-temperature superconductivity and sensor cooling etc. However, most of the studies are on nitrogen-hydrocarbon refrigerants, which are not allowed in applications where there is a special need to avoid flammability risks. Therefore, non-flammable mixed refrigerants were investigated in this study. The composition of the mixed refrigerant is a key factor in the system performance (refrigeration temperature, refrigeration capacity, etc). However, the purely mathematical optimization methods lack system knowledge in the optimization of the process, and may have the disadvantages of being a time-consuming process. In this study, the isothermal throttling effect of mixed refrigerants is optimized, and the optimization process is based on the partial molar enthalpy difference of each component. The method is based on thermodynamic properties and is time-saving relative to purely mathematical optimization techniques. Non-flammable mixed refrigerants (NFMR) with refrigeration temperatures from 100 K to 140 K were designed in this study. The results show that the designed mixed refrigerant has a higher COP compared to the reference. Argon has an advantage at refrigeration temperatures from 120 K to 140 K, while nitrogen has an advantage from 100 K to 120 K. In addition, mixed refrigerants for systems with pre-cooling stage were optimized and the results showed that the highest exergy efficiency is achieved at a pre-cooling temperature of 250 K. The exergy efficiencies with pre-cooling stage are nearly twice as high as those without that. Therefore, a pre-cooling stage for nonflammable mixed refrigerants is necessary where there is no requirement for system size.

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“…Because the freezing temperature of nonflammable refrigerants is usually higher, nonflammable refrigerants with low triple point temperatures are chosen to prevent line blockage. Tetrafluoromethane (R14) is inevitable at temperatures from 120 to 180 K in nontoxic and nonflammable refrigerants, with a triple point temperature of 89.54 K. Octafluoropropane (R218) is a refrigerant that operates at ambient temperature with a triple point temperature of 125.45 K, which is also relatively low among nonflammable refrigerants. , The boiling point of R14 is 145.1 K, which is between methane and ethane. The boiling point of R218 is 236.36 K, which is between propane and isobutane.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Propane and isobutane can be changed by R218. Even though R14 and R218 have high global warming potential (GWP), they are still important in nonflammable mixed refrigerants. , In addition, phase equilibria of mixtures containing hydrofluorocarbons are of great scientific value because of the peculiar phase behavior, such as azeotropic and vapor–liquid–liquid equilibrium, that often occurs. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isothermal Vapor–Liquid Equilibrium for the Tetrafluoromethane (R14) + Octafluoropropane (R218) Binary Mixture at Five Temperatures from 173.150 to 213.150 K

Wang

Zhao

et al. 2022

J. Chem. Eng. Data

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Tetrafluoromethane (R14) and octafluoropropane (R218) are essential nonflammable refrigerants for mixed-refrigerant Joule Thomson refrigerators. In this paper, the vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE) data were acquired for the R14 + R218 binary mixture from 173.150 to 213.150 K by a vapor-phase single-cycle method. The VLE data were regressed by the Soave–Redlich–Kwong (SRK) equation of state plus van der Waals (vdW) mixing rule model (SRK-vdW) and the Soave–Redlich–Kwong (SRK) equation of state combined with modified Huron–Vidal first-order (MHV1) mixing rule plus non-random two liquids (NRTL) activity coefficient model (SRK-MHV1-NRTL). The maximum average absolute relative deviation of pressure (AARDp) and the maximum average absolute deviation of vapor-phase mole concentration (AADy) are 2.42% and 0.0019 for the SRK-vdW model, respectively. A better correlation result was obtained by the SRK-MHV1-NRTL model, and the maximum AARDp and AADy are 1.04% and 0.0019, respectively. Based on the experimental and calculated results, a strong non-azeotropic behavior was found.

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Design of non-flammable mixed refrigerant Joule-Thomson refrigerator for precooling stage of high temperature superconducting power cable

Cited by 23 publications

References 19 publications

A Critical Analysis of Natural Gas Liquefaction Technology

A Critical Analysis of Natural Gas Liquefaction Technology

Design of nonflammable mixed refrigerants based on the partial molar enthalpy difference in mixed-refrigerant Joule-Thomson refrigerators with/no pre-cooling stage

Isothermal Vapor–Liquid Equilibrium for the Tetrafluoromethane (R14) + Octafluoropropane (R218) Binary Mixture at Five Temperatures from 173.150 to 213.150 K

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