Design of nitrogen‐containing organic thermal stabilizer with resistance to “zinc burning” and its application

With the development of green chemistry, PVC thermal stabilizers should be developed in the direction of non‐toxic, environmental protection, and high efficiency. This study utilized natural Cinnamic acid to successfully synthesize an eco‐friendly and high‐performance cinnamate‐intercalated calcium aluminum hydrotalcite through the coprecipitation method. The structure of CaAl‐cinnamate‐LDHs was analyzed via XRD, IR, SEM, and thermogravimetric analyses. The CaAl‐cinnamate‐LDHs/PVC sample was thoroughly investigated using multiple techniques, including tests, such as oven aging, thermogravimetric analysis, Congo red analysis, and conductivity analysis. Compared with the commercial thermal stabilizers CaSt2/ZnSt2 and CaAl‐CO3‐LDHs, CaAl‐cinnamate‐LDHs demonstrated superior initial whiteness and exceptional long‐term thermal stability, it did not completely blacken until 120 min. Dynamic mechanical analysis showed that the addition of CaAl‐cinnamate‐LDHs could improve the plasticizing performance of PVC. CaAl‐cinnamate‐LDHs also had a synergistic effect with ZnSt2, with a static thermal stabilization time of up to 40.5 min. Through HCl absorption experiments to investigate the thermal stabilization mechanism, the results showed that CaAl‐cinnamate‐LDHs can effectively absorb HCl released during PVC degradation.Highlights By utilizing natural organic Cinnamic acid, Calcium nitrate, and Aluminum nitrate as raw materials, all from a wide range of sources, the reaction process eliminated the need for toxic solvents and a large number of chemicals. The preparation process of CaAl‐cinnamate‐LDHs was simple and the reaction time was short. Comprehensive tests showcased the exceptional long‐term thermal stability of the CaAl‐cinnamate‐LDHs/PVC sample. The addition of CaAl‐cinnamate‐LDHs can improve the plasticizing property of PVC. The mechanism of CaAl‐cinnamate‐LDHs was capable of absorbing HCl released during PVC degradation.

“…The timing was stopped when the test paper turned blue. The recorded time was the static thermal stabilization time 26 …”

Section: Methods Employed In the Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly efficient and eco‐friendly enhancement of polyvinyl chloride thermal stability: A renewable cinnamate‐intercalated calcium aluminum hydrotalcite stabilizer

Mei,

Jiang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

“…The second strategy, namely reactive method, is incorporation of atoms and molecules with inherent flame retardancy (e.g., phosphorus, nitrogen, and halogen) into polymers' chemical structure via chemical modification of polymers in the course of polymerization. 90 The third strategy includes coating of polymeric sample using a flame retardant via different methods such as sol-gel, plasma, layerby-layer assembly. 19,91 Depending to their chemical type, flame retardants improve the flame retardancy behavior of materials via various possible mechanisms such as cooling or diluting effect by endothermic reaction in the condensed phase and releasing water to the gas phase, modification of the decomposition pathway of polymers and creating char, or the formation of a barrier layer on the surface of polymer.…”

Section: Principles Of Flame Retardancymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most important one is the incorporation of flame retardants as additive into polymers, for example via melt processing. The second strategy, namely reactive method, is incorporation of atoms and molecules with inherent flame retardancy (e.g., phosphorus, nitrogen, and halogen) into polymers' chemical structure via chemical modification of polymers in the course of polymerization 90 . The third strategy includes coating of polymeric sample using a flame retardant via different methods such as sol–gel, plasma, layer‐by‐layer assembly 19,91 .…”

Section: Engineering Of Hydrogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogel and aerogel‐based flame‐retardant polymeric materials: A review

Vahabi,

Gholami,

Tomas

et al. 2023

Hydrogels are multifunctional engineering materials best known for their promising characteristics such as toughness, flexibility, water absorption capacity, and porosity. These features can support fire protection missions. Application of hydrogels as flame‐retardant materials is receiving much attention, such that several research and industrial projects have been devoted to design, manufacturing, and optimization of flame‐retardant hydrogels—taking a unique position among advanced multifunctional materials and strategies. Likewise, aerogels (derived from gels) due to their porous structure filled with a gas, usually air, rather than water in the case of hydrogels, have shown superior thermal insulation potential. Correspondingly, they have been used in fire and flame protection applications. In this work, the flame‐retardant hydrogels and aerogels along with mechanisms underlying their flame retardancy are reviewed. Besides classifying and interpreting the open literature on flame‐retardant hydrogels and aerogels, challenging aspects of future developments ahead of these advanced materials are highlighted.Highlights Briefly overviewed general features of hydrogels including synthesis and applications. Briefly overviewed principles of flame retardancy and flame‐retardant polymers. Reviewed and classified flame‐retardant hydrogels and aerogels as advanced materials. Summarized the latest advancements in flame‐retardant hydrogels and aerogels. Highlighted future fire protection by flame‐retardant hydrogels and aerogels.

“…To avoid the degradation process, a thermal stabilizer is always added to the PVC formulation during its processing and well documented. [2] Traditional PVC stabilizers are broadly classified into the following categories: lead salt stabilizers, metal soap stabilizers, organic tin stabilizers, organic auxiliary stabilizers, and so on. [3,4] However, all these stabilizers have the disadvantages of toxicity and environmental pollution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To avoid the degradation process, a thermal stabilizer is always added to the PVC formulation during its processing and well documented. [ 2 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intercalated rare earth hydrotalcite‐like materials and their application in stabilizers in poly (vinyl chloride)

Liu

Jia

et al. 2023

In this research, ZnAlLa-itaconate-LDHs was synthesized by means of Co-precipitation-hydrothermal method. The effects of aluminum-lanthanum ratio, co-precipitation time, hydrothermal time, and hydrothermal temperature on the crystal structure were studied. As a result, the optimum condition was found to be: n(Al 3+ ): n(La 3+ ) = 10:1, co-precipitation time 24 h, hydrothermal time 8 h, and hydrothermal temperature 180 C. The influence of ZnAlLa-itaconate-LDHs on the thermal stability properties and plasticizing properties of PVC were investigated, exhibiting long-term stability of 76 min with short plasticizing time of 1.11 min. Long-term thermal stability mechanism was studied by FTIR before and after hydrochloric acid treatment. It was demonstrated that the thermal stabilizer ZnAlLa-itaconate-LDHs prevented the rupture of the C Cl bond in PVC and inhibited the development of HCl.Consequently, impeded the production of C C bond and playing a role in thermal stabilization of PVC.