Design of Nickel Supported on Water-Tolerant Nb2O5 Catalysts for the Hydrotreating of Lignin Streams Obtained from Lignin-First Biorefining

Abstract

Stable Ni/Nb 2 O 5 catalyst for the hydrotreating of diphenyl ether produced Key challenge in the design of solid catalysts for the HDO of lignin streams identified Lewis acidity crucial to HDO also assists catalyst deactivation via coke formation Recommendations for the catalyst design for lignin hydrotreating put forward

Guidelines for performing lignin-first biorefining

“…The lignin-first biorefining field has expanded dramatically in the past decade, 9,23,38,47,50,70,79,159,[205][206][207][208][209] spurred by the realisation that reductive catalytic processes, although long practiced on whole biomass, are active stabilisation methods that enable production of narrow product slates from lignin to a degree simply unmatched in other lignin deconstruction processes. The advent of protection-group chemistries as alternative lignin-first approaches, such as AAF and DAF, to hydrogenolysis has provided new options to achieve similar process outcomes.…”

Thermochemical and Catalytic Conversion Technologies for the Development of Brazilian Biomass Utilization

“…According to the authors, niobium oxide promoted the stabilization of the boehmite and promoted high dispersion of metallic Ru nanoparticles, as well as less formation of hard coke precursors. As highlighted by Leal et al [254], model reactions lead to experimental limitations on the HDT catalyst design for lignin-containing feedstocks, but very few studies have provided valuable information considering real/realistic biomasses, especially applying Nb-containing catalysts. To minimize the interactions between the sugar-rich and the lignin matrix of the biomass, the great majority of the studies are performed with organosolv lignin, i.e., lignin extracted from ground biomass (mostly wood) using methanol and HCl.…”

“…Leal et al [254] applied water-tolerant Ni-supported TT-Nb 2 O 5 (pseudohexagonal phase) nanorods of different Ni loadings as catalysts for lignin oil HDT (produced by an upstream process of catalytic biorefining), as well as using diphenyl ether as a model compound. The model reaction yielded 91% of cyclohexane after five reaction runs using the catalyst with 15% Ni.…”

Morphological Control: Properties and Applications of Metal Nanostructures

“…Nanostructured plasmatic materials are known for their strong interaction with incoming light and free electrons. Here, metal nanostructures act as a source of conversion of light into a local electric field (electromagnetic excitation along with mass oscillations of free electrons) in metals, called localized superficial plasmonic [6,7]. ese plasmatic interactions can be controlled by changing the morphology and dimensions of metal nanostructures [8][9][10].…”