Design of Modular Blast-Resistant Steel-Framed Buildings in Petrochemical Facilities

Summers, Paul B.

doi:10.1061/41016(314)177

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Blast design and analysis of BRMS structures is typically done by performing dynamic analysis using 3D nonlinear finite element (FE) models [1,2,3,5]. However, such nonlinear dynamic analyses can be very costly in terms of computational requirements when the structure is also sliding on its foundation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Rigid Body Sliding Analysis for Modular Steel Structures Subjected to Blast Loading

Erkmen

Balcı

2019

Eskişehir Technical University Journal of Science and Technology a - Applied Sciences and Engineering

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Blast resistant modular steel (BRMS) buildings are prefabricated cost-effective and explosion-proof structures used to shelter personal near hazardous-material handling or storage facilities, in facilities handling high-pressure processes, and within designed blast zones in mining, petrochemical, and military industries. Typically, BRMS buildings are designed to be fixed (anchored) to their foundation. However, this design approach can result in very large anchorage and foundation reactions, which result in very large and high-cost foundations. Therefore, an alternative foundation approach which minimize foundation reactions and known as unanchored or free-to-slide foundation has recently attracted much attention for BRMS buildings. In this study, dynamic behavior of a typical BRMS building under blast loading with unanchored foundation was determined using 3D nonlinear dynamic finite element and a simplified numerical analysis method. The developed numerical analysis method is based on nonlinear numerical integration scheme, and it was verified using the finite element results. Applicability of the proposed numerical analysis method was evaluated using finite element results for a typical unachored BRMS building subjected to blast loads. Several values of coefficient of friction between the foundation and BRMS building were considered. The computed building sliding, horizontal velocity, acceleration, and horizontal foundation reaction histories were used to evaluate applicability of the proposed numerical method. The overall results show that the proposed simple numerical analysis method based on rigid-body dynamics is suitable to predict building sliding and sliding velocity, but unconservative in terms of foundation vertical reaction and horizontal acceleration.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Rigid Body Sliding Analysis for Modular Steel Structures Subjected to Blast Loading

Erkmen

Balcı

2019

Eskişehir Technical University Journal of Science and Technology a - Applied Sciences and Engineering

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“…The method of attaching the plate walls to the frame members typically does not utilize mechanical fasteners; rather, continuous welded construction is usually used. Roof joists and floor joists, which are usually seismically compact steel sections, typically support the flat plate roofs and floors [3]. A typical blast resistant modular building lifted for installation and in-place is shown in Fig.1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

06.07: Comparison of Blast Performance of Steel Modular Buildings with Anchored and Sliding Foundations

Erkmen

2017

ce papers

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A two-module blast-resistant steel building with overall dimensions of 12 m by 6 m floor plan and 3.4 m height was designed to resisted 80 kPa free field overpressure with 140 microsecond duration. The building was designed to remain within "high damage/response" level when it is anchored to its foundation. The effect of anchored and unanchored or sliding (free-to-slide) foundation on blast performance of structural elements on the wall and roof, foundation loads, building sliding, and building total friction and kinetic energy were investigated using nonlinear dynamic finite element analysis tools. The comparison of analyses results revealed that building foundation reactions and maximum deflection demands for structural members can significantly decrease with unanchored foundation. For unanchored foundation, several friction coefficients (i.e., 0.2, 0.5, and 0.8) for the interaction between the building and its foundation were considered. The analyses results show that the maximum relative deflections of the structural members of the building with unanchored foundation to be between 43% and 120% with an average of 80% of that for the building with anchored foundations. The most significant effect of unanchored foundation on blast performance of the building was the significant decrease in the foundation maximum horizontal reaction, which was approximately 15% to 60% of that for the building with anchored foundation. However, the unanchored foundation had negligible effect on building vertical foundation reactions. The computed maximum sliding displacements were approximately 10 m, 2 m and 0.3 m for the building with unanchored foundation for friction coefficient of 0.2, 0.5, and 0.8, respectively. For the building with unanchored and anchored foundations, both friction energy and kinetic energy versus time plots were very similar for initial stages of the blast loading. The overall results show that providing even limited permissible sliding between blast resistant structures and their foundation can significantly reduce their foundation reactions and improve blast performance of structural members. A controlled-sliding mechanism between blast resistant structures and their foundation with steel cables is recommend to improve blast performance of the structure while limiting maximum sliding within desired permissible limits.

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“…Modular buildings may be subjected to blast load from several sources including chemical / industrial / terrorist explosion. They are therefore used in industry to protect personnel[96][97][98] where they are referred to as blast resistant modules (BRM) or blast resistant portable buildings (BRPB)(Figure 7). Steel modules have a primary steel frame with walls formed by infill between roof and floor.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…For example, walls may consist of steel plate, cold-formed steel stud frame or sandwich panels. Typically, BRMs use 3.2 to 7.9mm thick crimped steel plate walls fully welded to the steel frame[96]. For this type of module construction, finite element analysis is recommended to capture failure modes, although a single degree of freedom (SDOF) approach may be adopted[96].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Typically, BRMs use 3.2 to 7.9mm thick crimped steel plate walls fully welded to the steel frame[96]. For this type of module construction, finite element analysis is recommended to capture failure modes, although a single degree of freedom (SDOF) approach may be adopted[96]. For general design, reference is often made to the standards including UFC 3-340-02 [99] and ASCE 41088[94].Hao et al[100] provide a summary of the current practice.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Structural response of modular buildings – An overview

Lacey

Chen

Hao

et al. 2018

Journal of Building Engineering

283

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Prefabrication by off-site manufacturing leads to a reduced overall construction schedule, improved quality, and reduced resource wastage. Modular building is therefore increasingly popular and promoted. With the recent promotion a number of relevant studies have been completed, however, a review of the design, construction, and performance of modular buildings under different loading conditions is lacking. This paper presents a state-of-the-art review of modular building structures. First, structural forms and construction materials are presented as a brief introduction to the modular structures. Modular building is shown to refer not to a single structure type, but a variety of structural systems and materials. These modular structures might perform differently to similar traditional structures and the structural performance is highly dependent on interand intra-module connections. The structural response of modules to different hazards is then considered, followed by the current design practice and methodology. As a currently developing area there is great potential for innovation in modular structures and several key research areas are identified for further work.

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Design of Modular Blast-Resistant Steel-Framed Buildings in Petrochemical Facilities

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Evaluation of Rigid Body Sliding Analysis for Modular Steel Structures Subjected to Blast Loading

Evaluation of Rigid Body Sliding Analysis for Modular Steel Structures Subjected to Blast Loading

06.07: Comparison of Blast Performance of Steel Modular Buildings with Anchored and Sliding Foundations

Structural response of modular buildings – An overview

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