Design of linear controllers applied to an ethanol steam reformer for PEM fuel cell applications

García, Vanesa M.; Serra, Maria; Llorca, Jordi; Riera, Jordi

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.078

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In [5], a design for mass flow control of ethanol/water and temperature regulation of a 1 kWe thermal plasma reformer is presented. This work, as well as [6], proposes PID control schemes but do not consider either physical or operational constraints. Moreover, these strategies do not take full advantage of available information about the system (e.g., future references for batch operation).…”

Section: Davideraimondo@unipvitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast Model Predictive Control for hydrogen outflow regulation in Ethanol Steam Reformers

Torchio

Ocampo‐Martínez

Magni

et al. 2016

2016 American Control Conference (ACC)

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Abstract-In the recent years, the presence of alternative power sources, such as solar panels, wind farms, hydro-pumps and hydrogen-based devices, has significantly increased. The reasons of this trend are clear: contributing to a reduction of gas emissions and dependency on fossil fuels. Hydrogenbased devices are of particular interest due to their significant efficiency and reliability. Reforming technologies are among the most economic and efficient ways of producing hydrogen. In this paper we consider the regulation of hydrogen outflow in an ethanol steam reformer (ESR). In particular, a fast model predictive control approach based on a finite step response model of the process is proposed. Simulations performed using a more realistic non-linear model show the effectiveness of the proposed approach in driving the ESR to different operating conditions while fulfilling input and output constraints.

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Section: Davideraimondo@unipvitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast Model Predictive Control for hydrogen outflow regulation in Ethanol Steam Reformers

Torchio

Ocampo‐Martínez

Magni

et al. 2016

2016 American Control Conference (ACC)

Self Cite

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“…As a result, even with a slight step change in the load, these controllers do not achieve the necessary performance [13]. Basically, the switching states of the boost converter give it a nonlinear shape, which makes it difficult to implement in linear controllers [14]. Therefore, nonlinear controllers are essential as these controllers can provide satisfactory results by overcoming all of the constraints of linear controllers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a Nonlinear Integral Terminal Sliding Mode Controller for a PEM Fuel Cell Based on a DC-DC Boost Converter

et al. 2022

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This paper proposes a robust nonlinear controller for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell coupled with a DC-DC boost converter. The key feature is to maintain the desired reference output voltage despite significant disturbances while improving transient stability. In order to do this, a nonlinear robust integral terminal sliding mode controller (ITSMC) is proposed, along with the derivation of the control law, explanation of the reachability analysis, and stability condition. An adapted integral sliding surface is used to capture the dynamics caused by variations in the input voltage and loads. In addition, a modified reaching law is proposed to guarantee the finite time convergence while reducing the chattering. Afterward, the Lyapunov control theory is employed to evaluate the DC-DC boost converter's large-signal stability while guaranteeing the resilience of the proposed controller. Finally, the applicability of the proposed controller is evaluated through comprehensive analyses on both the simulation platform and the real-time processor-inloop (PIL) platform under various operating conditions, such as the variation in load resistance, reference output voltage, etc. All of the results, when compared to an existing integral terminal sliding mode controller, indicate quick reference tracking capability with reduced overshoots and robustness against disturbances.INDEX TERMS Control Lyapunov function, integral terminal sliding mode controller, DC-DC boost converter, Fuel cell.

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“…Relatively few studies consider the optimal design of control strategies for ethanol steam reformers based on mathematical models. Some studies only consider the steady-state behaviour of the ESR to design proportional-integral-derivative (PID)-based decoupled control loops while ignoring physical and operational constraints (e.g., [5], [6]). Other studies consider the design of predictive controllers for hydrogen outflow regulation while taking into account constraints in inputs, states, and outputs (e.g., [7], [8], [9]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear Dynamical Analysis for an Ethanol Steam Reformer: A Singular Distributed Parameter System

Reyero-Santiago

Ocampo‐Martínez

Braatz

2020

2020 59th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC)

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This article provides a theoretical analysis of the nonlinear dynamics of an ethanol steam reformer, which has the potential to become a key technology for the creation of a hydrogen economy. A set of nonlinear partial differential equations is analyzed that arise from material and energy balances for an ethanol steam reformer. Although all of the governing equations contain derivatives with respect to both space and time, the nonlinear distributed parameter system is shown to be singular by structural rank analysis. A numerical method is proposed for simulation of the singular dynamical system. The character of the singularity is analyzed for both the distributed parameter systems and the lumped parameter system used in its simulation. The nonlinear spatiotemporal and input-output behavior of the system are analyzed, including by calculation of a nonlinearity measure applicable to singular distributed parameter systems. Although some states are highly nonlinear functions of the control inputs, a linear low-order input-output model with uncertainty description is shown to be suitable for controller design.

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Design of linear controllers applied to an ethanol steam reformer for PEM fuel cell applications

Cited by 11 publications

References 9 publications

Fast Model Predictive Control for hydrogen outflow regulation in Ethanol Steam Reformers

Fast Model Predictive Control for hydrogen outflow regulation in Ethanol Steam Reformers

Design of a Nonlinear Integral Terminal Sliding Mode Controller for a PEM Fuel Cell Based on a DC-DC Boost Converter

Nonlinear Dynamical Analysis for an Ethanol Steam Reformer: A Singular Distributed Parameter System

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