Design of Large Diameter Driven Pipe Pile Foundations: New East Span San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge

Mohan, Saba; Stevens, Robert F.; Howard, Roger; Kapuskar, Mike

doi:10.1061/40744(154)12

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Most of the design experience of LDOEPPs are accumulated in the offshore industry [2,4,30]. The American Petroleum Institute (API) recommends that the total axial resistance is the sum of the external shaft friction and the end bearing on the pipe wall annulus plus the total internal shaft friction (i.e., plug resistance) or the end bearing of the pile, whichever is the less, as given in Equation ( 1) [31]:…”

Section: Soil Plugging Effect In Pipe Pile Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some additional parameters that can be acquired during the pile installation, such as the Incremental Filling Ratio (IFR) and the Plug Length Ratio (PLR), have been incorporated to describe the degree of soil plugging [14,36]. The typical definitions of IFR and PLR for LDOEPPs are provided in Equation (2). When the IFR equals zero as the length of soil plug remains constant under driving, the pipe pile is considered to be fully plugged and the base resistance is regarded as equivalent to a closed-ended pile.…”

Section: Soil Plugging Effect In Pipe Pile Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Large-diameter Open-Ended Pipe Piles (LDOEPPs) are steel or prestressed concrete pipe piles with diameters larger than 0.91 m [1]. These piles, when properly constructed, could provide high load-carrying capacity against axial loading, uplift, and overturning, even in poor soil conditions [2,3]. The initial uses and experiences with LDOEPPs are acquired in the offshore industry [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Experimental Study on Load-Carrying Behavior of Large Open-Ended Pipe Pile in Cohesionless Soils

Guo

2022

Sustainability

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Large-diameter open-ended pipe piles typically refer to pipe piles with diameters larger than 0.91 m. These piles, when properly designed and constructed, could provide high load-carrying capacity against axial loading, uplift, and overturning in the offshore environment. The current American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) specification for pipe piles is based on the database collected from piles with diameters less than 0.61 m and is, therefore, insufficient for the design of large-diameter open-ended pipe piles. This paper introduces an experimental program to investigate the static load-carrying behavior of open-ended pipe piles. Two types of restriction plates, i.e., one-hole plate and four-hole plate, were designed and installed inside the pipe to study their influence on the loading bearing behavior. Beside the laboratory-scale pile experiments, the testing program was augmented with geotechnical centrifuge experiments, which upscale the dimensions of model piles close to the size used at the field scale. The combined laboratory and geotechnical centrifuge experiments help to analyze the load-carrying behavior of pipe piles with different pile diameters, types of restriction plate, and embedment depths. The experimental results indicate that the formation of a soil plug is crucial to mobilize the bearing capacity of pipe piles. The restriction plate helps to form the soil plugging, which leads to a higher end bearing capacity. The selection of types of restriction plate should be determined on a case-by-case basis with considerations of mechanical performance and pile drivability.

show abstract

Section: Soil Plugging Effect In Pipe Pile Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Soil Plugging Effect In Pipe Pile Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Experimental Study on Load-Carrying Behavior of Large Open-Ended Pipe Pile in Cohesionless Soils

Guo

2022

Sustainability

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…While the initial uses and experience with LDOEPPs are accumulated in the offshore industry [2,3], the transportation community found them advantageous in providing large axial and lateral bearing capacities. Mohan et al [4] have reported the use of LDOEPPs with diameters of 1.8 m to 2.5 m for the San Francisco-Oakland bay bridge due to their superior compression and tension capacities. As the pile can be driven installed in water, there is no need to construct a cofferdam as is needed for the construction of drilled shafts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical and Experimental Study on Soil Plug Resistance of Open‐Ended Pipe Pile with a Restriction Plate

Guo

Dong

et al. 2020

Advances in Civil Engineering

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The end bearing capacity of open-ended pipe piles is highly dependent upon the soil plugging behavior inside the pipe wall. For large-diameter open-ended pipe piles, the arching effect due to inner soil-pile friction may be insufficient to generate a fully plugged condition, which compromises the end bearing capacity after the pile installation. Here, we propose two innovatively designed restriction plates installed inside the pipe to facilitate the soil plugging process, that is, a restriction plate with one circular hole and a restriction plate with four semisized circular holes. By use of the discrete element method, the mechanical behaviors of soil plugs in cohesionless soils with different restriction plates are analyzed. The numerical model has been validated by comparing the simulations to the results of a series of laboratory-scale experiments over different pile diameters, plug length-diameter ratios, and different types of restriction plates. It is shown that the numerical model can accurately predict the soil plug resistance and the particle-scale force transmission. Both numerical simulations and experiments validate that the arching effect is significantly enhanced by the restriction plate, especially with the four-hole restriction plate. Furthermore, the geotechnical centrifuge principle is adopted into the DEM model to study the mechanical behavior of large-diameter soil plugs. It is found that the effectiveness of restriction plate decreases as the pile diameter increases. However, even for the 2 m in diameter soil plugs, the plug resistance is increased by 252% with one-hole restriction plate and 281% with four-hole restriction plate compared to that of traditional pipe piles.

show abstract

Design Procedures for Marine Renewable Energy Foundations

Stevens

Soosainathan

Rahim³

et al. 2015

All Days

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Geotechnics Sub-Committee of the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) Coasts, Oceans, Ports, and Rivers Institute (COPRI) Marine Renewable Energy (MRE) Committee is preparing a guide document for marine renewable energy foundations. That guide would use standard design codes for fixed foundations and mooring anchors in API RP 2GEO and DNV.The static method of computing axial pile capacity described in API RP 2GEO (2011) is generally used to compute ultimate compressive and tensile capacities of pipe piles driven to a given penetration. Lateral soil resistance -pile deflection (p-y) data for clays and sands are usually developed using procedures proposed by Matlock (1970) andMurchison (1983), respectively, and outlined in API RP 2GEO (2011). Marine energy foundations are unique in several ways. Axial pile capacity computations are usually based on a reasonable lower bound, in contrast to the soil resistance to driving, which is based on a reasonable upper bound. For structures supporting wind turbines, however, underestimating (or overestimating) the soil stiffness could require a change in turbine operation and a loss of power production. Although the classical API method is recognized as an appropriately conservative design method for offshore pile foundations, a prediction method is more well suited for structures supporting wind turbines, such as the CPT-based methods for predicting pile capacity in granular soils presented in API RP 2GEO (2011). If a prediction method is used to compute the soil resistance to driving, the evaluation of pile drivability may be overly conservative. Ageing in both clay and sand should also be taken into account. Wind turbines are often supported on large diameter monopiles. The applicability of the p-y data for such large diameter piles needs to be verified. Finally, marine renewable energy generated by in-stream hydrokinetics, ocean thermal energy conversion, and wave energy converters may be floating devices usually anchored to the seafloor. There are uncertainties in the design and installation of these anchors, which become critical for large sustained tensile loads that may degrade due to creep and cyclic loading.

show abstract

Design of Large Diameter Driven Pipe Pile Foundations: New East Span San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Experimental Study on Load-Carrying Behavior of Large Open-Ended Pipe Pile in Cohesionless Soils

Experimental Study on Load-Carrying Behavior of Large Open-Ended Pipe Pile in Cohesionless Soils

Numerical and Experimental Study on Soil Plug Resistance of Open‐Ended Pipe Pile with a Restriction Plate

Design Procedures for Marine Renewable Energy Foundations

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About