Design of hydrogel-based wearable EEG electrodes for medical applications

Abstract

We are in the evolution of continuous monitoring of neural activity with non-invasive wearable EEGs. The development of hydrogel electrodes technology is important for home-use systems for long-term EEG monitoring and diagnostics of disease.

In‐hospital and home‐based long‐term monitoring of focal epilepsy with a wearable electroencephalographic device: Diagnostic yield and user experience

“…To overcome the exposed challenges, we believe further scalp EEG developments should consider the following. First, better quality patches with lower impedance and higher biocompatibility are needed 41 . Furthermore, appropriate patient and caregiver training are necessary for long‐term acquisitions to reduce low signal quality caused by incorrect use.…”

“…First, better quality patches with lower impedance and higher biocompatibility are needed. 41 by incorrect use. Second, specific EEG patterns, that is, seizure signature, 26,42 should be used to train the seizure detectors.…”

Evolution of nanostructured skin patches towards multifunctional wearable platforms for biomedical applications

“…On-skin flexible patch sensors are widely used in monitoring the vital signs of the human body to determine its health condition. [214][215][216][217] For example, face monitoring includes the collection of temperature and electromyography signals, which allows the detection and understanding of the expressions and underlying emotions. 218 The pulse signals gathered at the wrist can be used to monitor the heart rate and health condition of organs.…”

A Nanoclay-Enhanced Hydrogel for Self-Adhesive Wearable Electrophysiology Electrodes with High Sensitivity and Stability

“…Among various dry electrode materials, hydrogel has unique advantages owing to its biological, tissue-like soft and wet structure, which is outstandingly biocompatible and skin compliant for use on human skin [ 13 , 14 , 15 ]. As is known to all, various hydrogel-based dry electrodes have been successfully developed for acquiring EMG, ECG, and EEG biosignals through adding electron-conductive materials into hydrogels [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. For instance, Hsieh [ 20 ] designed a polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogel electrode with low skin–electrode impedance and long-term electrical stability.…”