Design of high directivity directional couplers in multilayer ceramic technologies

Al-Taei, S.; Lane, P.M.; Passiopoulos, G.

doi:10.1109/mwsym.2001.966837

Cited by 24 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…While, series capacitance and shunt inductance construct left-handed transmission line (LH TL), which represent metamaterial properties within a certain frequency range [6]- [8].…”

Section: Rlh-tl Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave LTCC equalizer based on composite right/left-handed structure

Xia

2015

2015 IEEE International Conference on Communication Problem-Solving (ICCP)

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This paper presents a low-temperature co-fired ceramic (L TCC) equalizer, providing the maximum attenuation of 12 dB over 2 to 6 GHz. In order to reduce the size, a L TCC composite right-left handed (CRLH) resonator and a simplified composite right-left handed (SCRLH) matching network were analyzed and utilized to form the proposed passive equalizer. The Zo insertion loss of the equalizer is less than 1.25 dB, while the return loss is better than 12 dB at 2-6 GHz band. The final size of this equalizer is 18x7xO.302 mm\ a quarter of that of traditional one.

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“…While, series capacitance and shunt inductance construct left-handed transmission line (LH TL), which represent metamaterial properties within a certain frequency range [6]- [8].…”

Section: Rlh-tl Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave LTCC equalizer based on composite right/left-handed structure

Xia

2015

2015 IEEE International Conference on Communication Problem-Solving (ICCP)

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“…The use of stub lines for dual-band operation is proposed in previous works [4,5] with four stubs in total for every port or branch in the coupler. As can be seen clearly in Figure 1, the proposed structure requires only two stubs for the dual-band operation with reduced circuit complexity.…”

Section: Analysis and Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The proposed structure is based on the use of center-tapped stub lines at one pair of branches of the conventional branch-line coupler. Although the existing stub-based dual-band schemes require four stubs in total for every ports [4] or branches [5] of the coupler, the proposed method requires only two stubs for two of the four branches of the coupler. The circuit complexity can be reduced accordingly and the structural change from the conventional branch-line coupler is minimized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, a general coupler with coupled lines is requested to have improved performances of return loss and directivity, because its performances get worse in the high frequency band [2][3][4][5]. To resolve the problem of poor directivity, compensating technique by the use of shunt capacitor to ground was reported [4]. And conductor-backed coplanar structure generates a compensation for both the tightly and weakly coupled couplers [6].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Compensated LTCC broadside coupler design with branch lines

Noh

Uhm

Yom

2008

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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magnetic materials, the amplitude of current induced to the antenna is smaller than with dielectric materials. Because the main radiation mechanism is through the electric field fringing at the patch ends, the induced current contributes mainly to the energy stored in the antenna volume. Thus, the advantages of magnetic materials stem from the favorable antenna geometry and feed technique. The key findings have been qualitatively validated using numerical simulations. INTRODUCTIONThe directional couplers for many microwave circuits and systems are widely used to distribute a microwave signal or to combine signals, and are available for various purposes. Low-temperature cofired ceramic (LTCC) directional couplers that are realized with parallel coupled lines on the same layer are hard to be realized for tight couplings because of manufacturing constraints of very small spacing between coupled lines. Therefore, LTCC broadside couplers that have parallel coupled lines on different layers are required for the tight broadside coupler. Hybrid couplers of the equal-division (3 dB) type can be composed of lumped elements or coupled transmission lines. The coupled-line type is generally applied to the hybrid couplers, because its return loss and directivity exhibit more wideband than those of the hybrid coupler with lumped elements such as inductor and capacitor [1]. However, a general coupler with coupled lines is requested to have improved performances of return loss and directivity, because its performances get worse in the high frequency band [2][3][4][5]. To resolve the problem of poor directivity, compensating technique by the use of shunt capacitor to ground was reported [4]. And conductor-backed coplanar structure generates a compensation for both the tightly and weakly coupled couplers [6]. However, design technologies with simple configuration are required to implement the couplers with high performances, because of the design complexity of conventional compensation technologies.In this work, we propose the compensation technique of LTCC broadside coupler. For tight coupling the characteristic impedance of the coupled-line is inherently high. So addition of branch lines at each port around the edge of the coupled-line reduces the characteristic impedance, resulting in better matching without any degradation of other parameters. EQUAL-DIVISION BROADSIDE COUPLER DESIGNA six-layered LTCC substrate made of Ferro A6 material was used for the coupler design. Figure 1 shows the conventional (a) and compensated (b) equal-division broadside couplers which are electrically asymmetric. The first input/output line between the input port (P1) and the through port (P2) was patterned on the top (sixth) layer. The second input/output line between the coupled port (P3) and the isolated port (P4) was patterned on the fifth layer and connected to the top layer by means of via-hole connection.The broadside coupler was simulated and optimized by using commercial software based on electromagnetic theory. Because of design constraint...

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“…3,4 In the broadside coupled strip-line couplers, capacitors are connected to the ground in shunt capacitive compensation technique. 5 Recently, Slawomir et al 6 high power rf capacitors are large in size and lossy above 10 MHz frequency. Connecting shunt capacitor in coupled line affects the coupling and therefore compensation will be needed in the coupling gap also.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and development of 3 dB patch compensated tandem hybrid coupler

Yadav

Kumar

Kulkarani

2013

Review of Scientific Instruments

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Design and development procedure of the strip line based 3 dB patch compensated tandem hybrid coupler at 91.2 ± 15 MHz and 2.5 kW is presented. The coupled strip-line structure is designed and electromagnetic analysis software is used for accurate modelling and optimization of parameters. Coupled strip lines are well known for poor impedance matching and poor isolation due to discontinuities, fabrication tolerance constraints, and theoretical approximations in design. These effects are realized and compensated or taken into consideration. The conventional methods of compensation like open stubs or lumped capacitors are useful in the low rf power applications only. In the present paper, patch compensation technique is explored, explained, applied, and incorporated in the development of a 3 dB tandem hybrid coupler. This newly explored patch compensation technique is found substantially effective in improving the overall performance in terms of return loss and isolation. A prototype tandem coupler rated for 2.5 kW at 91.2 ± 15 MHz, has been developed, fabricated, tested, and the effect of patch compensation technique is found to be quite effective.

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Design of high directivity directional couplers in multilayer ceramic technologies

Cited by 24 publications

References 7 publications

Microwave LTCC equalizer based on composite right/left-handed structure

Microwave LTCC equalizer based on composite right/left-handed structure

Compensated LTCC broadside coupler design with branch lines

Design and development of 3 dB patch compensated tandem hybrid coupler

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