Design of efficient bimetallic Pt–Au nanoparticle-based anodes for direct formic acid fuel cells

Asal, Yaser M.; Al-Akraa, Islam M.; Mohammad, Ahmad M.; El‐Deab, Mohamed S.

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.086

Cited by 40 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Asal et al 154 studied the capability of binary catalysts consisting of Pt (PtNPs) and Au (AuNPs) nanoparticles. The molar ratio between PtNPs and AuNPs significantly affected the catalytic activity of FAO.…”

Section: Class Of Dlfcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress and challenges: Review for direct liquid fuel cell

et al. 2021

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Summary Direct liquid fuel cell (DLFC) is one of the leading fuel cell types due to their great features of superior energy density, modest configuration, small size in fuel container, immediate boosting, and effortless storage and carriage. Commercially used liquid fuel types are prepared using alcohols, such as methanol or ethanol, glycol, and acids. DLFCs face great challenges although they are potentially far‐reaching depending on the expensive catalysts and the use of high‐loading catalyst. More questions that should be addressed to ensure excellent DLFC performance include cathode flooding, fuel crossover, numerous side yield production, fuel security, and unverified elongated‐duration robustness. Further studies need to be carried out to ensure the continuous improvement of the quality of DLFCs' performance and their penetration in the commercial market. To date, direct liquid fuel cells made of methanol and ethanol have been successfully produced in commercial scale, but other types of DLFCs are still under study. In this review, introduction to DLFC will be discussed by covering work and commercialization as well as recent progress and challenges encountered.

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Section: Class Of Dlfcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress and challenges: Review for direct liquid fuel cell

et al. 2021

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“…Heterometallic nanoparticles are emerging as highly promising functional nanomaterials due to their wide range of applications in catalysis, − optoelectronics, solar cells, fuel cells, hydrogen storage, batteries, sensors, and magnetic materials . Discovering nanomaterials of tailored properties for a targeted application by flexible mixing of individual metal components at the nanoscale has led to a new avenue of research, where the properties of a material are tuned by varying not only the size but also the mixing ratios/compositions with deeper mechanistic insights. , Mechanistic understanding of the nucleation and growth is the key to fine-tune the properties of a nanomaterial by way of controlling the size and composition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the advent of advanced and sophisticated in situ characterization techniques such as smallangle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy, 1−11 extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (EXAFS), 12 and in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM), 13 many successful experiments have been carried out to probe the ultrasmall clusters and particles formed during subsecond nucleation and growth of monometallic nanoparticles, quantum dots, and metal oxides in solution 10,14 as well as in different matrices. 9,15 Heterometallic nanoparticles are emerging as highly promising functional nanomaterials due to their wide range of applications in catalysis, 16−18 optoelectronics, 19 fuel cells, 21 hydrogen storage, 22 batteries, 23 sensors, 24 and magnetic materials. 25 Discovering nanomaterials of tailored properties for a targeted application by flexible mixing of individual metal components at the nanoscale has led to a new avenue of research, where the properties of a material are tuned by varying not only the size but also the mixing ratios/ compositions with deeper mechanistic insights.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing Kinetics and Mechanism of Formation of Mixed Metallic Nanoparticles in a Polymer Membrane by Galvanic Replacement between Two Immiscible Metals: Case Study of Nickel/Silver Nanoparticle Synthesis

et al. 2021

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Galvanic replacement between metals has received notable research interest for the synthesis of heterometallic nanostructures. The growth pattern of the nanostructures depends on several factors such as extent of lattice mismatch, adhesive interaction between the metals, cohesive forces of the individual metals, etc. Due to the difficulties in probing ultrafast kinetics of the galvanic replacement reaction and particle growth in solution, real-time mechanistic investigations are often limited. As a result, the growth mechanism of one metal on the surface of another metal at the nanoscale is poorly understood so far. In the present work, we could successfully probe the galvanic replacement of silver ions with nickel nanoparticles, stabilized in a polymer membrane, using two complementary methods, namely, small-angle Xray scattering (SAXS) and radiolabeling, and the results are supported by density functional theory (DFT) computations. The silver−nickel system has been chosen for the present investigation because of the high degree of bulk immiscibility caused by the large lattice mismatch (15.9%) and the weak adhesive interaction, which makes it a perfect model system for immiscible metal pairs. Membrane, as a host medium, plays a crucial role in retarding the kinetics of atomic and particle rearrangements (nucleation and growth) due to slower mobility of the atoms (monomers) and particles within the polymer network. This allowed us to examine the real-time concentration of silver monomers during galvanic replacement of silver ions with nickel nanoparticles and evolution of Ni/ Ag nanoparticles. From combined experiment and DFT computations, it has been demonstrated, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, that the majority of silver atoms, which are produced on the nickel nanoparticle surface by galvanic reactions, do not form traditional core−shell nanostructures with nickel and undergo a self-governing sequential nucleation and growth of silver nanoparticles via formation of intermediate prenucleation silver clusters, leading to the formation of mixed metallic nanoparticles in the membrane. The surface of NiNPs has a heterogeneous effect on the silver nucleation pathway, which is evident from the reduced critical free energy barrier of nucleation (ΔG crit ). The present work establishes an original mechanistic pathway based on a sequential nucleation model for formation of mixed metallic nanoparticles by the galvanic replacement route, which opens up future possibilities for size-controlled synthesis in mixed systems.

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“…Therefore, exploring highly stable, structure and shape controlled nanomaterials for the detection of nitrite is very important. [11,12] Bimetallic oxides are composed of a host matrix metal oxide doped with catalytically active metal ions, have been extensively used in the field of catalysis, [13] photocatalysis, [14,15] solid acid, [16] gas sensors, [17] fuel cells, [18] sensors, [19] optical devices, [20] etc. due to their distinctive properties like porous nature, surface area, tunable surface and bulk properties and diverse morphological features.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elaeocarpus Ganitrus Structured Mesoporous Hybrid Mn^3+/4+ loaded Zirconia Self Assembly as a Versatile Amperometric Probe for the Electrochemical Detection of Nitrite

Gangadharappa

Raghu²,

Kumar

et al. 2021

ChemistrySelect

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Selective and highly sensitive detection of nitrite is always a challenge for electrochemist for the administration of nitrite in water and food samples. In this regard nanostructured materials are crown choice. In the present investigation, we have prepared uniformly ordered hybrid Mn 3 + /4 + : ZrO 2 nanoganitrus via hydrothermal method, characterized by XRD, BET, SEM, TEM and XPS to understand the structural and morphological features of the material and used for the electrocatalytic determination of nitrite. The preparation process resulted in the formation of nanoganitrus heterostructures with honeycomb arrangement. High surface area, ganitrus structure and hybrid Mn 3 + /4 + in the material was correlated to its robust electrochemical performance. Thus, prepared sensor showed highly selective and sensitive determination of nitrite with a good linear range of 250 μM to 10,000 μM with correlation coefficient of 0.998 and a sensitivity of 38.8 μAmM À 1 cm À 2. The limit of Detection of nitrite sensing system was 93 μM at a signal to noise ratio of 3. Also, the sensor showed prominent reproducibility, good stability, anti-interference performance and also the prepared sensor was successfully used for the detection of nitrite in real samples.

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Design of efficient bimetallic Pt–Au nanoparticle-based anodes for direct formic acid fuel cells

Cited by 40 publications

References 40 publications

Progress and challenges: Review for direct liquid fuel cell

Progress and challenges: Review for direct liquid fuel cell

Probing Kinetics and Mechanism of Formation of Mixed Metallic Nanoparticles in a Polymer Membrane by Galvanic Replacement between Two Immiscible Metals: Case Study of Nickel/Silver Nanoparticle Synthesis

Elaeocarpus Ganitrus Structured Mesoporous Hybrid Mn^3+/4+ loaded Zirconia Self Assembly as a Versatile Amperometric Probe for the Electrochemical Detection of Nitrite

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Design of efficient bimetallic Pt–Au nanoparticle-based anodes for direct formic acid fuel cells

Cited by 40 publications

References 40 publications

Progress and challenges: Review for direct liquid fuel cell

Progress and challenges: Review for direct liquid fuel cell

Probing Kinetics and Mechanism of Formation of Mixed Metallic Nanoparticles in a Polymer Membrane by Galvanic Replacement between Two Immiscible Metals: Case Study of Nickel/Silver Nanoparticle Synthesis

Elaeocarpus Ganitrus Structured Mesoporous Hybrid Mn3+/4+ loaded Zirconia Self Assembly as a Versatile Amperometric Probe for the Electrochemical Detection of Nitrite

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Elaeocarpus Ganitrus Structured Mesoporous Hybrid Mn^3+/4+ loaded Zirconia Self Assembly as a Versatile Amperometric Probe for the Electrochemical Detection of Nitrite