Design of Dual‐responsive ROS/RSS Fluorescent Probes and Their Application in Bioimaging

Abstract

Intracellular redox homeostasis exerts a tremendous influence on pathophysiological fields. In order to maintain the homeostasis of intracellular redox state, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive sulfur species (RSS) react and transform with each other, and their levels also directly reflect the degree of oxidative stress and disease. To understand the correlation and pathophysiological effects of these two signaling molecules in oxidative stress, unique fluorescence imaging tools are required. Fluorescent probes have become an indispensable detection tool in modern scientific research and disease diagnosis. Currently, there are many fluorescent probes for detecting ROS or RSS. However, the cellular environment is extremely complex. Dual detection fluorescent probes that can monitor more than one species in a biological environment cause our attention. This review describes dual detection fluorescent probes that can detect ROS and RSS simultaneously or sequentially. This will provide strong support for the study of redox homeostasis.

Taming Janus-Faced Quinoline-Derived Fluorescent Probes for Dual-Channel Distinguishable Visualization of HSO3– and HClO in Dried Foods and Living Cells

“…Fluorescence detection united with small-molecule probes is unceasingly promoted by thriving of fluorescence technology and dexterous molecular designing. − Nowadays, through the unremitting endeavors made by scientists, miscellaneous small-molecule probes based on coumarin, xanthene, flavonoid, hemicyanine, dicyanoisophorone, etc. have been created. − Promisingly, for deep biological applications, a series of fluorescent probes simultaneously reacting with RSS and ROS have also been put forward by researchers. − Nevertheless, seeking for admirable fluorescent probes with higher sensitivity, faster response time, and better brightness is always frustrated by tedious synthetic routes and hard purification processes. , Under such research background, it is desirable to tame easy-to-prepare fluorophores with compact structures and high performance. Concurrently, considering the above-mentioned pivotal functions of HSO 3 – and HClO, they have been tested by a series of small-molecule fluorescent probes owing to the designable reactive sites on the molecular skeletons. − However, fluorescence detection of HSO 3 – and HClO based on small molecules has been impeded by two points.…”

A Multiple-Responsive Fluorescence Probe Based on Water-Soluble Fluorescent Conjugated Polymer for Biomolecules Detection

“…However, the detection of various biomolecules relies on multichannel detectors or the mixed use of multiple probes, which would cause the detection operation to become complicated and increase costs. Also, multiple-responsive fluorescence probes that can respond to many different biomolecules with different signals have yet to be commonly reported. − Therefore, a simple synthesis method is needed to integrate multiple capabilities of detecting substances on one probe.…”

Uncovering Endoplasmic Reticulum Superoxide Regulating Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Dynamic Reversible Fluorescence Imaging

“…The fluorescence imaging microscope is a potent tool for in situ tracing of active species variations in vivo. − It permits imaging fluorescent-labeled target substances within organelles with remarkable clarity, , thanks to its high spatial resolution. − It also allows for millisecond time-dependent image analysis due to its high temporal resolution. − Furthermore, the fluorescent probe, which is responsible for illuminating the target, − is an essential factor supporting the high spatiotemporal resolution of the fluorescence microscope. − However, most of the subcellular organelle probes for ROS were reaction-based, achieving fluorescence modulation based on the oxidative breakage of active-site chemical bonds. − These probes had very high signal-to-noise ratios; however, there were irreversible molecular structural changes following their reaction with ROS, resulting in the inability to continuously study long-term fluctuations of active species during pathological changes. − Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a real-time, dynamic, and reversible fluorescent probe to detect ER O 2 •– levels.…”