Design of Cooling System on Brushless DC Motor to Improve Heat Transfers Efficiency

Bioparticle concentration can be measured using many techniques, such as mass spectroscopy, light scattering, and fluorescent tracking. Due to some instrument limitations, high cost, low sensitivity-selectivity level, and performance development needs, there is a need to develop a new sensing technique with higher performance. This study used quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and graphene oxide (GO) as the selective coating materials. For this purpose, two different sensors were tested: uncoated QCM and GO-coated QCM. The sensor performances were tested inside an exposure chamber by exposing the sensors to different bacteria samples: B. pasteurii, B. sphaericus, and B. cereus. The sensor's frequency shift was counted using a frequency counter, while the sample concentration was measured using a Digital Dust Monitor. The results show that the sensors work well in detecting Bacillus sp. samples with sensitivities of 0.24 to 0.35 Hz.µg -1 . The developed sensors have a response time of <96 s, with a linearity of 95%. The best response is obtained from the coated QCM using B. pasteurii. The coated QCM performs better than the uncoated QCM, indicated by better linearity, response time, and sensitivity.

Section: Bioparticle Concentration Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene Oxide-Coated Quartz Crystal Microbalance for Bioparticle Detection (A Case Study for Bacillus sp.)

Budianto¹,

Wardoyo²,

Masruroh³

et al. 2023

“…In determining efficiency and temperature rise, as well as engine ratings, these losses play an important role. Several factors are very influential in decreasing the performance of electric motors, such as temperature [46][47][48][49] .…”

Section: Thermoelectric Cooling System Applications In Vehiclementioning

confidence: 99%

Mini Review of Thermoelectric and their Potential Applications as Coolant in Electric Vehicles to Improve System Efficiency

Harsito¹,

Putra²,

Purba³

et al. 2023

Thermoelectric is a phenomenon of the temperature difference conversion into electrical energy or vice versa. The phenomenon has been developed into a module so that it can be used as a power generator or as a cooling/heating device. The use of thermoelectric can be further expanded as a system for generating small electrical energy and as a component for compact cooling and heating. If a unidirectional voltage is applied to the thermoelectric module, a temperature difference occurs between the two sides of the module. The cold side can be used as a cooler and the hot side can be used as a heater. Thermoelectric refrigeration technology has been applied in various applications such as beverage coolers and electronic coolers. However, the application of this technology in the vehicle still needs attention because it has good potential. Reviews relating to the application of thermoelectric cooling in vehicles are still not widely discussed, especially in terms of vehicles such as the performance of electric motors and braking. So, in this study, the use of thermoelectric as coolants in large components such as cooling in electric vehicles and braking components are discussed. Basic knowledge of the history, characteristics, performance of thermoelectric are also covered. Studies that had been carried out in several reported topics prove the potential and reliability of thermoelectric.

“…Considering these two significant scenarios that could cause the engine to be inefficient, or may be destructible, there has been a necessity of an effective cooling 61) techniques and systems for enhanced reliability and reusability of the engine. For heat management of cryo-rocket engines, a variety of cooling techniques such as regenerative cooling, film cooling, ablative cooling, and radiative cooling are employed in order to keep the wall temperature of engines within the material limit.…”

Section: Fig2mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Advancements and Characteristics of Cryogenic Propulsion Rocket Engine

R¹,

Jeyan²

2023

Future space exploration missions will require the synergistic integration of potentially lightweight, high thrust producing, and environmentally sustainable rocket engines. This article guides through one such capable rocket engine, the cryogenic propulsion rocket engine and some cutting-edge characteristics and novel engineering advancements affiliated with it. A typical cryogenic-propulsion rocket engine works similarly to all other LPRE's (Liquid Propellant Rocket Engines), in which the primary fluid (Cryogenic fuel 1) reacts chemically to get vaporized and get ignited by an oxidizer to provide extremely hot rocket thrust that escapes the engine nozzle and generates thrust from the combustion process. Considerable efforts have been made to optimize the engine's performance and reliability in order to utilize the most desirable output from it. Therefore, a brief overview of the different models and research approaches associated with it to provide predictions and results about the stability, dynamics, and cooling characteristics of the given engine configuration is presented.