Design of conformal multiband antennas based on fractal concepts

Abstract

In this paper we present some novel designs for conformal multiband antennas, based on fractal concepts, for application at three different frequencies. Although a whole host of conventional fractal type of monopole and dipole configurations have been designed in the past, they are not well suited for conformal applications. In this paper we describe a Sierpinski gasket type of fractal configuration, printed on a dielectric substrate backed by a ground plane, and propose a novel approach to enhancing its multiband performance, in terms of impedance matching characteristics as well as radiation patterns, at three operating frequencies. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 36: 333–338, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10758

Methods to Design Microstrip Antennas for Modern Applications

“…Another fractal concept widely used for the design microstrip antennas is the Sierpinski fractal [61]- [69]. Various Sierpinski fractal objects have been proposed: The Sierpinski Gasket(or Triangle), the Sierpinski Carpet ( or rectangle), the Sierpinski Pentagon and the Sierpinski Hexagon.…”

“…So, for a specific value of n, the required parameters are those of the geometry of the gasket. For these calculations the side length of the generating triangle of the gasket is given by the expression ( ) It is worthwhile to mention that by additional modification of the Sierpinski gasket as proposed in [62] or in [69] (see fig. 32), the bands of resonance could be further controlled in order to meet the technical requirements of the applications for which the antenna is designed.…”

A multi‐wideband microstrip antenna designed by the square‐curve fractal technique

“…The most recent methods used to design a generally multiband antenna are the fractal method [24,25] and genetic algorithms [26]. The self-similarity properties of a fractal structure are translated into its electromagnetic behavior; since the first fractal antenna was introduced, fractal geometries have been applied to the design of multiband antennas.…”

Artificial neural network based design of a three-layered microstrip circular ring antenna with specified multi-frequency operation

“…Multiband microstrip antennas have been developed in the past by: (a) the use of printed elements loaded with varactors [18], and slots [12], (b) the use of stacked elements [1], (c) the fractal design technique [15,17,19], and (d) the use of EBG substrates [6].…”