“…Circular waveguide on the other hand, notwithstanding its unique advantages: e.g., rotationally symmetric property, easy manufacturability and reduced cost for custom construction, has received much less attention in the past and is only used in limited applications. An impediment in using circular waveguide is the dearth of design information available for elementary circular waveguide devices (such as coaxial line-to-waveguide transitions and reactive obstacles [1][2][3]), in contrast to the well-established rectangular waveguide (e.g., [4][5][6][7][8]). …”