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ABSTRACTNew polymer supercapacitors were constructed from novel hybrid poly(triarylamines) with organic electrolytes. The new polymers contain benzyl or nitro functionalized aromatic side groups. In addition to the anilino segments, the polymer backbone contains either furanyl or thiophenyl linkages. These electronic and structural varieties provide polymers with a range of oxidation potentials. The nitro-furane derivative exhibits the highest oxidation potential and supercapacitors constructed with anodes of this polymer and organic electrolytes provide 20% more power and energy than the polythiophene derivatives studied previously. These results indicate that the supercapacitor performance can be significantly altered by varying pendent substituents and the polymer backbone
Executive SummaryPower supplies for the electronic fuses considered in the next generation of medium caliber munitions (20 -60 mm) are primarily lithium-based chemical batteries. Lithium batteries are most commonly constructed from metallic lithium as the anode, thionyl chloride as the electrolyte, and a transition metal oxide or chalcogenide as the cathode. All three components are environmentally unacceptable and alternatives currently being used, such as sulfuryl chloride electrolytes, are equally harmful. Specifically, lithium metal reacts violently with water, causing burns and releasing hydrogen, which can ignite. Thionyl chloride and sulfuryl chloride are extremely caustic and decompose to yield hydrogen chloride, sulfur dioxide, and chlorine gas. The cathode materials often contain toxic cobalt. Repeated discharging of munitions containing lithium batteries will lead to long-term environmental problems and expensive clean up cost.Alternatives to the lithium batteries must fit within the physical constraints of the medium caliber munitions, approximately a cylinder of 18 mm in diameter and 12.5 mm in height, and still provide comparable power and energy outputs. For the energy and power ...
