Design of Broadband Power Amplifiers Based on Resistive-Reactive Series of Continuous Modes

Abstract

In this letter, the bandwidth of the series of continuous modes (SCMs) power amplifiers (PAs) is extended. The SCMs are composed of a series of continuous working modes between Class-B/J and Class-F continuums. The second harmonic load of the series of continuums is purely reactive. By introducing resistive part to the purely reactive second harmonic load of the series of continuous modes, the operation bandwidth of power amplifiers is expanded. A broadband PA working across 0.8-3.05 GHz (117% bandwidth) is simulated and fabricated. Experimental results show that the drain efficiencies in interesting band are 57.4%-79%. The fabricated PA can deliver output power of 10.1-20.7 W.Index Terms-Broadband, high-efficiency, power amplifier, resistive-reactive, series of continuous modes.

BROADBAND CLASS-J/F^-1 CONTINUUM MODE DESIGN UTILIZING HARMONIC EFFICIENCY SELECTIVITY CIRCUIT

“…A typical example of such type of PA is the Class-J continuum mode initially proposed by Cripps et al in 2009 [1]. In succession, alternative methods have been utilized by other PA researchers in improving the performance of the classical continuum mode PAs based on Class-B/J, Class-J, Class-F, and Class-F −1 as published in [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

“…In [8] for example, a resistive part was introduced in the second harmonic load impedance in a series of continuous modes PAs to further extend the impedance spaces. Similarly in [10], continuous Class-F PA using the nonlinear embedding transfer function was introduced with the main goal of determining feasible load impedance design spaces and nipping the limitation of the second harmonic load impedance's trajectory in the bud.…”

“…The lookup table is generated based on equations derived for ρ h and η J d parameters to help continuum mode PA designers in facilitating the design to fabrication procedure and avoiding the dependency on circuit optimization process including post-fabrication tuning. The laborious voltage and current waveforms' analysis carried out in continuum mode PA design [3,8,11] are avoided. The harmonic losses are also characterized.…”

Design of broadband power amplifier based on a continuous harmonic control mode

“…In order to resolve the problem, researchers have proposed continuous class F, hybrid continuous class F, hybrid class J, and continuous classes B to J [1,2,3,4] to widen the frequency bands. The similarity of their ideas is to enlarge the impedance matching space of PA from one point to areas by changing the drain voltage equations, which allows the PAs to have more flexible spaces to meet the impedance matching conditions in wide frequency bands.…”

“…To ensure that the PA is working properly, the drain voltage and current can't be negative. [2,5] have given the restrictive conditions of a, b, γ, δ, and (2) …”