Design of bifunctional metasurface based on independent control of transmission and reflection

Zhuang, Yaqiang; Wang, Guangming; Cai, Tong; Zhang, Qingfeng

doi:10.1364/oe.26.003594

Cited by 52 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…A specifically designed metasurface which can manipulate polarization‐dependent reflective and transmissive wave fronts was proposed recently as shown in Figure a. Therefore, the manipulation of electromagnetic waves has been upgraded to the full space . For a mirror‐symmetric meta‐atom, in order to achieve independent control of reflection and transmission, it is necessary to make the meta‐atom completely reflect x ‐polarized waves and transmit y ‐polarized waves.…”

Section: Prominent Applications In Few‐layer Metasurfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Empowered Layer Effects and Prominent Properties in Few‐Layer Metasurfaces

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2019

Advanced Optical Materials

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applications have been realized based on the metamaterials, such as negative index materials, [3] invisibility cloaks, [4] and zeroindex materials. [5] Nevertheless, metamaterials are usually bulky, difficult to be fabricated, and suffer from high energy losses, which hinder their practical applications in modern photonic systems. In recent years, planar metasurfaces, the 2D equivalents of metamaterials, have attracted plenty of attentions due to their extraordinary abilities in controlling the polarization, amplitude, phase, and dispersion of electromagnetic waves. [6][7][8] Compared with bulk metamaterials, the metasurfaces have many advantages, such as ultrathin thicknesses, low losses, ease of fabrication and integration. Over the past years, single-layer metasurfaces have been widely applied in realizing polarization conversion, [9] beam deflectors, [10,11] metalenses, [12,13] holograms, [14] coding, [15] structural colors, [16,17] nonlinear metasurfaces, [18] and some other applications. Nevertheless, the interactions between lights and ultrathin single-layer metasurfaces are usually limited, resulting in low efficiency and limited controllability in some applications. [19] Moreover, the degrees of freedom for light manipulation provided by a single-layer metasurface are usually not enough in realizing multifunctional devices and some other sophisticated photonic systems.Few-layer metasurface that contains more than one functional layer provides an effective method to overcome the drawbacks of both bulk metamaterials and single-layer metasurfaces. Cheng et al. employed the concept of few-layer metasurfaces to discuss the advantages and emergent functionalities of them in ref. [20]. Few-layer metasurfaces retain the advantages of single-layer metasurfaces and can provide more degrees of freedom to manipulate electromagnetic waves. More importantly, the abundant layer effects, such as the multiple wave interference between layers and the near-field coupling effects, can enhance the interactions between lights and structures and improve the efficiency of few-layer systems. In addition, the combination of different functional layers can produce novel functions that single-layer metasurfaces can hardly realize. For example, by breaking the mirror symmetry along the propagation direction, few-layer metasurfaces can realize asymmetric transmission of linearly polarized lights. [21] By vertically integrating different metasurfaces on one substrate, optical systems with different functions can be miniaturization and integration. Recently, the few-layer metasurfaces have also been extended in the acoustic fields to realize some novel applications, such Metamaterials are 3D artificial structures proposed to surpass conventional natural materials and realize novel functions beyond traditional optical elements. Nevertheless, they are usually bulky and difficult to be fabricated. As 2D equivalents of metamaterials, metasurfaces have been proposed to overcome the drawbacks of metamaterials and fully control the polarizati...

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Section: Prominent Applications In Few‐layer Metasurfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Empowered Layer Effects and Prominent Properties in Few‐Layer Metasurfaces

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2019

Advanced Optical Materials

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“…In general, the use of the independent characteristics of frequency and polarization for guiding the design of passive metasurfaces to achieve additional functionalities is feasible. [ 37–40 ] However, metasurface operations are limited to a half‐space, transmission, or reflection mode without effectively manipulating the EM wave of full space. Recently, some full‐space metasurfaces were used to achieve two spatial mode control of a linear polarized (LP) wave with a multilayer structure; [ 41–45 ] however, little information is available on the full‐space work for a circular polarized (CP) wave with a two‐layer structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Helicity‐Dependent Multifunctional Metasurfaces for Full‐Space Wave Control

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2020

Advanced Optical Materials

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Metasurfaces have been increasingly used in wireless communication applications, such as vortex beam generators, [14][15][16][17][18] lens antennas, [19][20][21][22][23] and asymmetric transmissions, as they present advantages including strong EM manipulation, a low profile, minimal loss, and easy processing. [24,25] Currently, most electronic devices are becoming miniaturized and highly integrated. Therefore, research on multifunctional metasurfaces has received considerable attention. In general, metasurfaces are constructed by arranging the different amplitudes and phases of each minimum pixel on a surface by changing the sizes or geometries of each meta-atom to meet preset conditions and obtain desired field distribution for specific characteristics. [26][27][28][29][30][31][32] Another feasible method to construct multifunctional metasurfaces is to load tunable devices such as graphene, [33] diodes, [34,35] or microelectromechanical systems. [36] However, compared with passive metasurfaces, some limitations still exist, including complicated design, high insertion loss, and poor robustness. Extending the function of passive metasurfaces is crucial in terms of economics and design difficulty. In general, the use of the independent characteristics of frequency and polarization for guiding the design of passive metasurfaces to achieve additional functionalities is feasible. [37][38][39][40] However, metasurface operations are limited to a half-space, transmission, or reflection mode without effectively manipulating the EM wave of full space. Recently, some full-space metasurfaces were used to achieve two spatial mode control of a linear polarized (LP) wave with a multilayer structure; [41][42][43][44][45] however, little information is available on the full-space work for a circular polarized (CP) wave with a two-layer structure. For many applications, such as antennas, circularly polarized radiation may present many advantages, including improved immunity to multipath distortion, polarization mismatch losses, and Faraday rotation effects caused by the ionosphere. [46][47][48] In this study, we proposed a strategy to design multifunctional metasurfaces with high-efficiency CP wave control in full-space by using an ultra-thin single board, for which the key was to engineer almost completely suppressed crosstalk among three substructures for the individual control of the triple sets of Pancharatnam-Berry (PB) phases in both transmission and reflection modes. To prove the concept, we arbitrarily integrated Full-space manipulation of electromagnetic waves with a thin flat plate is particularly intriguing for large-angle scanning, functionality integration, and data capacity applications. However, majority of the designs to date are confined to linearly-polarized wave operations; these render the versatile full-space device operating under circularly-polarized waves unaddressed due to the critical issue of the geometric phase being hardly decoupled among reflections and transmissions. Herein, a strategy for a helici...

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“…In [10]- [11], the scattering characteristics of metasurfaces exhibiting concave and convex reflection phases were investigated for RCS reduction for linearly polarized waves. Furthermore, a coding metasurface was introduced in [15]- [16] in which the coding particles (unit cells) were arranged according to a certain coding sequence to achieve low-level backscattering, and potentially any other desired functions [17]- [20]. In [1]- [20], metasurfaces were designed by placing meta-atoms and scatterers in rectangular periodic grids (framework).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aperiodic Sunflower-Like Metasurface for Diffusive Scattering and RCS Reduction

Al-Nuaimi

Wang

Whittow

2020

Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett.

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Abstract-This article presents the design of aperiodic sunflower-like metasurface for circularly polarized (CP) wave diffusion and radar cross section (RCS) reduction using Pancharatnam-Berry (PB) meta-atoms. The distribution of the PB meta-atoms across the metasurface aperture is non-uniform and has a distribution inspired by sunflower seeds, i.e., an outwardly logarithmic spiral lattice with no transitional periodicity. The proposed metasurface has 600 PB meta-atoms of sub-wavelength size of 5 mm ≈ 0.33λ 20GHz and exhibits a randomly chosen diffusive reflection phase between 0 o and 360 o . Both simulated and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed sunflower-like metasurface can efficiently diffuse the backscattered energy into numerous directions when normally illuminated by a CP-wave with RCS reduction > 7 dB between 16 GHz and 23.8 GHz. Furthermore, the low-level diffuse scattering can be preserved under oblique incidence up to 60 o . As a result of using this PB concept, the polarization sensitivity of the proposed metasurface is released and this is highly desired in applications when the polarization of the incoming wave is unknown.

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Design of bifunctional metasurface based on independent control of transmission and reflection

Cited by 52 publications

References 34 publications

Empowered Layer Effects and Prominent Properties in Few‐Layer Metasurfaces

Empowered Layer Effects and Prominent Properties in Few‐Layer Metasurfaces

Helicity‐Dependent Multifunctional Metasurfaces for Full‐Space Wave Control

Aperiodic Sunflower-Like Metasurface for Diffusive Scattering and RCS Reduction

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