To solve excessivly large deformation and vibration problems in machining large tube section, ensure the machining accuracy and quality of the tube section, the main tool carrier system of a large vertical lathe is designed, by simulation means of finite element, static analysis, dynamic modal analysis and dynamic response analysis are respectively carried on the main tool carrier structures designed. A reasonable overhang length of the tool in the tool carrier system is given through static analysis, dynamic modal analysis show the higher natural frequency of the tool carrier system, the production of cutting resonance can be avoided, the maximum response and corresponding stress conditions of the system under the harmonic loads are given by dynamic response analysis, analysis results show that the sustainable dynamic characteristics of tool carrier system can meet the machining requirements.