“…In industrial applications, the temperature control of the reactor is usually carried out with PID controllers in a cascade structure [6,7]. Hence, the disturbances affecting the jacket can be eliminated and the constraints regarding the jacket can be defined.…”
Section: Jacket Temperature Control Of Batch Reactorsmentioning
In the manufacturing processes of high value-added products in the pharmaceutical, fine chemical polymer and food industry, insufficient control might produce off-grade products. This can cause significant financial losses, or in the pharmaceutical industry, it can result in an unusable batch. In these industries, batch reactors are commonly used, the control of which is essentially a problem of temperature control. In the industry, an increasing number of heating-cooling systems utilising three different temperature levels can be found, which are advantageous from an economic point of view. However, it makes the control more complicated. This paper presents a split-range designing technique using the model of the controlled system with the aim to design a split-range algorithm more specific to the actual sys- tem. The algorithm described provides high control performance when using it with classical PID-based cascade temperature control of jacketed batch reactors; however, it can be used with or as part of other types of controllers, for ex- ample, model-based temperature controllers. The algorithm can be used in the case of systems where only two as well as where three temperature levels are used for temperature control. Besides the switching between the modes of opera- tion and calculating the value of the manipulated variable, one of the most important functions of the split-range algo- rithm is to keep the sign of the gain of the controlled system unchanged. However, with a more system-specific split-range solution, not only can the sign of the gain be kept unchanged, but the gain can also be constant or less de- pendent on the state of the system. Using this solution, the design of the PID controller becomes simpler and can be implemented in existing systems without serious changes
“…In industrial applications, the temperature control of the reactor is usually carried out with PID controllers in a cascade structure [6,7]. Hence, the disturbances affecting the jacket can be eliminated and the constraints regarding the jacket can be defined.…”
Section: Jacket Temperature Control Of Batch Reactorsmentioning
In the manufacturing processes of high value-added products in the pharmaceutical, fine chemical polymer and food industry, insufficient control might produce off-grade products. This can cause significant financial losses, or in the pharmaceutical industry, it can result in an unusable batch. In these industries, batch reactors are commonly used, the control of which is essentially a problem of temperature control. In the industry, an increasing number of heating-cooling systems utilising three different temperature levels can be found, which are advantageous from an economic point of view. However, it makes the control more complicated. This paper presents a split-range designing technique using the model of the controlled system with the aim to design a split-range algorithm more specific to the actual sys- tem. The algorithm described provides high control performance when using it with classical PID-based cascade temperature control of jacketed batch reactors; however, it can be used with or as part of other types of controllers, for ex- ample, model-based temperature controllers. The algorithm can be used in the case of systems where only two as well as where three temperature levels are used for temperature control. Besides the switching between the modes of opera- tion and calculating the value of the manipulated variable, one of the most important functions of the split-range algo- rithm is to keep the sign of the gain of the controlled system unchanged. However, with a more system-specific split-range solution, not only can the sign of the gain be kept unchanged, but the gain can also be constant or less de- pendent on the state of the system. Using this solution, the design of the PID controller becomes simpler and can be implemented in existing systems without serious changes
“…Therefore, the appropriate identification algorithm is crucial for the behavior of the controlled system. The usage of self-tuning controller is common in practice, for example for temperature control at polymerization reactor [7], speed control of electrical motor drives [8], PID control in pursuit of plug and play capacity [9], design of an implicit self-tuning PID controller based on the generalized output [10], or at velocity feedback for vibration control on the flexible structure [11]. In this paper, the main attention is dedicated to high order SISO systems.…”
Suboptimal linear quadratic (LQ) control has been popular very much because of its very good results in several tasks of control. It allows us to implement it on many systems even on unstable systems which it stabilizes. Adaptation enlarges the area of the usage especially in the case when standard controllers with fixed parameters gives unsatisfactory results. In this paper, the main attention is dedicated to the usage of the modified instrumental variable technique as the identification part of the self-tuning controllers, and to the implementation in Microsoft Excel. So this approach was verified by simulation in Microsoft Excel Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) on two input two output (TITO) systems.
“…The most promising concepts in the field of adaptive control are [23] to [28]. The authors in [28] developed a self-tuning adaptive control, whose performance meets the required strict temperature tolerances in the polymerization reactor.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The most promising concepts in the field of adaptive control are [23] to [28]. The authors in [28] developed a self-tuning adaptive control, whose performance meets the required strict temperature tolerances in the polymerization reactor. The field of optimal control is represented by [29] to [33] and the field of predictive control by articles [34] to [37].…”
This paper introduces a new class of advanced control algorithms for batch-reactor temperature control where a nonlinear PI controller with a feed-forward part in a cascade combination with a P controller is used. The main goal of the algorithm is to optimize production by lowering the costs of the temperature control and increasing the quantity and quality of the chemical, biological, pharmaceutical, food and beverage products produced in these reactors. The algorithm is designed to cope with the constraints and the mixed discrete and continuous nature of the process by manipulating variables for heating and cooling. The stability and robustness of the control algorithm is proven through the Popov Stability Criterion. The simulation results of the proposed algorithm show much better performance compared to a conventional cascade PI control structure, which is most commonly used in industry. Furthermore, the study also shows real-time implementation on a bioreactor using the proposed algorithm.
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