Design of a Printed 5G Monopole Antenna on Vehicle Window Glass Using Parasitic Elements and a Lattice-Structure Reflector for Gain Enhancement

Im, Changhyeon; Lim, Tae Heung; Jang, Doyoung; Kong, Nak-Kyoung; Choo, Hosung

doi:10.3390/app11219953

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Similarly, in [ 28 ] the parasitic elements are placed on either side of the monopole radiator to improve the bore-sight gain. The mutual coupling between of two adjacent elements is reduced by the arrangement of radiating patches and their feed lines with a rotation of 180 degrees out-of-phase alternating sequence discouraging the flow of surface waves, which directly results in improving the symmetry of the radiation pattern, and mutual coupling of 20 dB with uniform distribution of amplitude and a 19.8 dBi maximum broadside gain is achieved with a side-lobe level of −12.1 dB.…”

Section: Antenna Performance Enhancement Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Geometry of the proposed printed antenna: ( a ) top view; ( b ) bottom view; ( c ) side view; ( d ) isometric view [ 28 ]. …”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ultralow latency with higher data rates can easily be achieved and can be utilized, but we are still faced with the much higher ratio of challenges and limitations such as link losses, multipath effects, small-scale fading as well as short coverage [ 11 ]. To fully overcome and alleviate these challenges and limitations, different valuable solutions are available which might handle these issues, such as advanced beam-forming techniques, antennas with high gain and narrow beamwidth, small-cell technology in advanced format, massive MIMO antennas with excellent steerable characteristics of low scanning losses and reconfigurable characteristics [ 2 , 15 , 16 ], and bandwidth enhancement techniques [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Latest Performance Improvement Strategies and Techniques Used in 5G Antenna Designing Technology, a Comprehensive Study

et al. 2022

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In the recent era, fifth-generation technology (5G) has not been fully implemented in the realm of wireless communication. To Have excellent accessible bandwidth feasibility, and in order to achieve the aims of 5G standards, such as higher data rates and ultrahigh-definition video streaming, the millimeter wave (mmWave) band must be employed. Services with minimal latency and many other features are feasible only in the mmWave spectrum. To avoid numerous communication complexities such as high connection losses, short wavelength, and restricted bandwidth, as well as path-loss challenges in the mmWave range, an antenna with wide bandwidth, high gain, narrow steerable beam, high isolation, low side-lobe levels, and multiband features is required to alleviate these difficulties and meet 5G communication standards. To overcome these challenges, specific strategies and techniques should be employed in the traditional antenna designing procedure to excellently improve the performance of the antenna in terms of bandwidth, gain, and efficiency and to reduce the mutual coupling effect between the closely colocated antenna elements in MIMOs and arrays. The researchers reported on a variety of bandwidth and gain improvement approaches. To gain broader coverage, traditional antenna design techniques must be modified. In this study, the latest state-of-the-art work is reviewed, such as the role of the metamaterials (MMTs), parasitic patches, hybrid feeding, EBG structure, impact of the slots with different geometrical shapes in the radiator to achieve the goal of wide bandwidth, boosted gain, reduced side-lobes level, as well as stable radiation properties. Mutual coupling reduction techniques are also briefly reported. The role of reconfigurability is focused on in this study, and at the end, the future challenges in the field of antenna design and possible remedies to such issues are reviewed.

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Section: Antenna Performance Enhancement Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Geometry of the proposed printed antenna: ( a ) top view; ( b ) bottom view; ( c ) side view; ( d ) isometric view [ 28 ]. …”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Latest Performance Improvement Strategies and Techniques Used in 5G Antenna Designing Technology, a Comprehensive Study

et al. 2022

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“…Choo et al [9] proposed a novel design of a printed 5G monopole antenna on a vehicle window glass. The proposed antenna is composed of a coplanar waveguide (CPW), a monopole radiator, parasitic elements, and a lattice-structure reflector.…”

Section: Design Of a Printed 5g Monopole Antenna On Vehicle Window Gl...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antenna Design for Microwave and Millimeter Wave Applications II: Latest Advances and Prospects

Choo

2022

Applied Sciences

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“…In the V2X communication system, in addition to maintaining higher safety during vehicle driving, such as through vehicle distance and remote driving, V2X also includes V2V and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) connections. It offers many advanced features, such as blind spot detection, forward distance warning, emergency vehicle approach warning, and road condition data, for predicting the shortest route to a destination and the safest driving conditions, all of which require a high-performance antenna to maintain a stable connection [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antennas in the Internet of Vehicles: Application for X Band and Ku Band in Low-Earth-Orbiting Satellites

2023

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This paper proposes a simple and small-dimensioned antenna that can provide X band and Ku band for the low-earth-orbiting (LEO) satellite system in an Internet of vehicles system. The antenna is designed on the substrate Arlon DiClad 880. The antenna structure consists of an inverted triangle geometry and an inverted U-shaped slot. The dimensions of the antenna are 12.5 × 5 mm2, and the area of the substrate is 30 × 13 × 0.254 mm3. The antenna is easy to make, and the manufacturing cost is low. The measurement results of the reflection coefficient (lower than −10 dB) of the antenna show that the working frequency band can cover the X-band (10.87–12.76 GHz) and the Ku band (15.19–16.02 GHz). The measured and simulated results are fairly similar. The efficiency of the antenna in the X-band is about 50–80.8%. The efficiency of the antenna in the Ku-band is about 50–74%. The gains of the antennas are about 3.34–6.08 dBi and 3.50–4.65 dBi in the X-band and Ku band, respectively, and the highest gain is 6.08 dBi. The antenna design can realize the features of low cost and small dimensions in autonomous vehicles and vehicle networking communication system equipment and achieve good wireless transmission capabilities from vehicles to the base station in the IOV.

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Design of a Printed 5G Monopole Antenna on Vehicle Window Glass Using Parasitic Elements and a Lattice-Structure Reflector for Gain Enhancement

Cited by 4 publications

References 27 publications

Latest Performance Improvement Strategies and Techniques Used in 5G Antenna Designing Technology, a Comprehensive Study

Latest Performance Improvement Strategies and Techniques Used in 5G Antenna Designing Technology, a Comprehensive Study

Antenna Design for Microwave and Millimeter Wave Applications II: Latest Advances and Prospects

Antennas in the Internet of Vehicles: Application for X Band and Ku Band in Low-Earth-Orbiting Satellites

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