Online teaching has been widely used in higher education reform, but many professional programs have higher demands for simulation training, while traditional online courses are often limited to theoretical instruction. To address this issue, this study designs and implements a private cloud-based platform for online simulation training in higher education. The paper elaborates on platform architecture design, functionality design, and technical implementation. In terms of architecture, it adopts a B/S model and private cloud deployment to achieve high performance, security, and scalability. In terms of functionality, it modularly designs user, resource, course management, as well as virtual scenarios and interactive experimental tasks, integrating theory and practice. In terms of technology, it leverages virtualization, cloud storage, containerization, and other technologies for functionality and resource management. The research shows that the platform has achieved good technical results and user experience, effectively enhancing the quality of online teaching, and providing a feasible solution for higher education reform.