Design of a Continuous-Wave Ytterbium-Doped Tunable Fiber Laser Pump for Thulium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers

Mirza, Jawad; Ghafoor, Salman; Kousar, Anila; Kanwal, Benish; Qureshi, Khurram Karim

doi:10.1007/s13369-021-06440-7

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…out in (21) where G, B, and υ are the gain, resolution bandwidth, and light frequency while N out and N in are output and input noise levels, respectively. Figure 4D shows NF versus signal wavelength plots for different signal powers…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 1B indicates the absorption and emission spectra of

{\text{Tm}}^{3+}

in Silica host. It is obvious from Figure 1B that despite the availability of various absorption bands in

{\text{Tm}}^{3+}

, the most frequently used pump absorption bands are centered at 793, 1000, 1064, 1400, 1570, 1600, and 1840 nm 4,21 . We use in this work the 1610 nm CW laser created by pumping the EDF with 1480 nm pump diode to pump the TDF.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We use in this work the 1610 nm CW laser created by pumping the EDF with 1480 nm pump diode to pump the TDF. The ground energy state is taken as

{}^{3}{\rm{H}}_{6}

and the first excited state is

{}^{3}{\rm{F}}_{4}

4,21 . The pump light is injected at

{}^{3}{\rm{F}}_{4}

manifold 4 .…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pumping scheme for Holmium‐doped fiber amplifiers using traditional 1480 nm pumps exploiting cascaded lasers implemented using fiber Bragg gratings

Kanwal,

Atieh,

Ghafoor

et al. 2023

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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Diversity in design is an important factor that enables developers to explore techniques aiming to reduce cost, complexity, and manufacturability. The optical window around 2000 nm is attracting rapid research considerations for the next generation optical networks as a continuation of C‐, L‐, and U‐bands. Optical amplifier is considered to be one of the major research directions in this optical window. Holmium‐doped fiber amplifier is an appropriate component to amplify signals in this optical window. But, the major issue is the pump laser for pumping the Holmium‐doped fiber (HDF) is that it is costly and not readily procurable. In a pioneering design, the authors introduced a method to pump the HDF using traditional 1480 nm pump diode by taking the advantage of cascaded lasers which were made of Erbium‐doped fiber (EDF) and Thulium‐doped fiber (TDF). In this paper, we propose an alternate method for pumping the HDF using commercially available 1480 nm pump diode by exploiting cascaded lasers implemented using two pairs of reflective fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) and pieces of EDF and TDF. The EDF in the first laser is excited with a standard 1480 nm pump diode to create 1610 nm continuous wave (CW) laser which is used to excite the TDF in the second laser to generate 1950 nm CW laser that is used to pump the HDF. Peak gain of 40.5, 36, and 23 dB can be attained corresponding to –30, –15, and 0 dBm signal powers, respectively at 2055.6 nm signal wavelength. Output powers of 10.5, 21, and 23 dBm are obtained for –30, –15, and 0 dBm signal powers, respectively at 2055.6 nm signal wavelength. Noise figures (NFs) of 5, 4.2, and 4 dB are observed at signal wavelength of 2066.7 nm for signal powers of −30, −15, and 0 dBm, respectively. Penalty of 4.5 dB has been observed both in peak gain and power at 2055.6 nm signal wavelength for signal power of −15 dBm considering the pair induced quenching. Finally, the proposed alternate pumping scheme is compared with the previous pumping scheme in terms of 3 dB gain bandwidth and NF. It has been observed that 88% increase in 3 dB gain bandwidth and 19% decrease in NF at a signal wavelength of 2044.4 nm for signal power of –30 dBm is noticed in the proposed pumping scheme.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 1B indicates the absorption and emission spectra of

{\text{Tm}}^{3+}

in Silica host. It is obvious from Figure 1B that despite the availability of various absorption bands in

{\text{Tm}}^{3+}

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Pumping scheme for Holmium‐doped fiber amplifiers using traditional 1480 nm pumps exploiting cascaded lasers implemented using fiber Bragg gratings

Kanwal,

Atieh,

Ghafoor

et al. 2023

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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show abstract

“…There have been numerous studies conducted on laser systems, including nonlinear optical materials [19,20] and the design of optical cavities with different shapes [21][22][23][24]. A cubic FP cavity has the advantage of being force-insensitive, making it appropriate for space missions [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Physics and Multi-Objective Optimization for Fixing Cubic Fabry–Pérot Cavities Based on Data Learning

Zhao,

Meng,

Wang

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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The Fabry–Pérot (FP) cavity is the essential component of an ultra-stable laser (USL) for gravitational wave detection, which couples multiple physics fields (optical/thermal/mechanical) and requires ultra-high precision. Aiming at the deficiency of the current single physical field optimization, a multi-physics and multi-objective optimization method for fixing the cubic FP cavity based on data learning is proposed in this paper. A multi-physics coupling model for the cubic FP cavity is established and the performance is obtained via finite element analysis. The key performance indices (V, wF, wF) and key design variables (d, l, F) are determined considering the features of the FP cavity. Different data learning models (NN, RSF, KRG) are established and compared based on 49 sets of data acquired by orthogonal experiments, with the results showing that the neural network has the best performance. NSGA-II is adopted as the optimization algorithm, the Pareto optimal front is obtained, and the optimal combination of design variables is finally determined as {5,32,250}. The performance after optimization proves to be greatly improved, with the displacement under the fixing force and vibration test both decreased by more than 60%. The proposed optimization strategy can help in the design of the FP cavity, and could enlighten other optimization fields as well.

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Cascaded C+L-band tunable erbium-doped fiber lasers for simultaneous generation of continuous wave and mode-locked pulses

et al. 2023

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Design of a Continuous-Wave Ytterbium-Doped Tunable Fiber Laser Pump for Thulium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers

Cited by 10 publications

References 32 publications

Pumping scheme for Holmium‐doped fiber amplifiers using traditional 1480 nm pumps exploiting cascaded lasers implemented using fiber Bragg gratings

Pumping scheme for Holmium‐doped fiber amplifiers using traditional 1480 nm pumps exploiting cascaded lasers implemented using fiber Bragg gratings

Multi-Physics and Multi-Objective Optimization for Fixing Cubic Fabry–Pérot Cavities Based on Data Learning

Cascaded C+L-band tunable erbium-doped fiber lasers for simultaneous generation of continuous wave and mode-locked pulses

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