Design of a Compact Hemispiral GPS Antenna With Direction Finding Capabilities

Kataria, Cara Yang; Gao, Grace Xingxin; Bernhard, Jennifer T.

doi:10.1109/tap.2019.2899009

Cited by 12 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The results show that the less-dispersive behaviour of the group velocity prevents a significant phase distortion in the 60-MHz bandwidth, which results in lower RMS error for the DoA estimation. Table 3 shows the target frequency, polarisation, number of elements of array, antenna size, and RMS error in comparison with other existing researches presented in [11,13,17,23]. The proposed antenna size is small compared to the previous researches while the RMS error maintains about 1.7°, which supports the effectiveness of the proposed approach.…”

Section: Dual-axis Phase Interferometrysupporting

confidence: 54%

“…However, the phase difference becomes nonlinear when each antenna of baselines experiences dispersion caused by surrounding environments, especially for broad-band sources. Thus, there have been a lot of efforts to acquire a higher precision of DoA through array configuration optimisation [9][10][11][12][13], DF algorithms [14][15][16], diversity characteristics of antennas [17,18], and calibration methods [19][20][21]. In addition, antenna performances, such as bandwidth and mutual coupling characteristics, are enhanced for more accurate DoA estimation [22][23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design of a broad‐band microstrip loop antennas with less‐dispersive group velocity for accurate direction finding

Yoo

Byun

Choo

2019

IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation

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This study proposes the design of broad‐band microstrip loop antennas with less‐dispersive group velocity of radiation patterns for accurate direction of arrival (DoA) estimation. The proposed structure consists of radiating and feeding microstrip loops, and the radiating loop is electromagnetically coupled to the feeding loop. This feeding mechanism helps to suppress phase variations of radiating patterns by avoiding dual resonances within a wide frequency band over 60 MHz, which allows to obtain the less‐dispersive group velocity for accurate DoA estimation. The effectiveness of the less‐dispersive behaviour is validated by implementing the proposed structure into a four‐element array to estimate vertical and horizontal placements using dual‐axis phase interferometry. The results confirm that the proposed antenna has less‐dispersive group velocity compared to a conventional microstrip patch antenna and is more suitable for accurate DoA estimation.

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Section: Dual-axis Phase Interferometrysupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a broad‐band microstrip loop antennas with less‐dispersive group velocity for accurate direction finding

Yoo

Byun

Choo

2019

IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The results show that the proposed four‐element array antenna with phase difference characteristics similar to those of an ideal radiator, which results in a lower RMS error for the DOA estimation. Table presents the operating frequency band, polarization, number of array elements, antenna size, and RMS error in comparison with other existing researches in References . The size of the proposed antenna structure is small compared to that of the previous studies while maintaining an RMS error of about 3.5°, which supports the effectiveness of the proposed array antenna structure.…”

Section: Verification Of the Proposed Antennamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These nonlinear phase distortions are often caused by an asymmetrical antenna structure, mutual coupling, and finite ground effects, resulting in a low DOA accuracy of the DF system. Much effort has been proposed to improve the DOA performance, for example, by improving DF algorithms, applying calibration methods, and optimizing array configuration . These researches are mainly focused on compensating for the already distorted phase differences, and do not provide an in‐depth consideration to the reduction of the phase distortion by making the radiation characteristics close to the ideal isotropic radiator in the antenna perspective.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a four‐element array for accurate direction of arrival estimation in phase interferometry systems

Yoo

Byun

Park

et al. 2019

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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This article proposes the design of a four‐element array antenna for the accurate direction of arrival (DOA) estimation of Global Positioning System (GPS) interference signals. The proposed array antenna has four individual antenna elements, and each element consists of a radiating patch on the upper layer and a feeding loop on the lower layer. The patch and loop are intentionally designed in a circular shape to obtain the symmetric current distributions on the radiators. The feeding loop is directly connected by two output ports of an external hybrid chip coupler, and the radiating patch is then electromagnetically coupled by near‐fields of the feeding loop. This feeding mechanism in the proposed structure allows for a more uniform current and H‐field distribution for phase characteristics of the radiation that are close to the ideal isotropic radiators in the azimuth angle. In addition, the high‐dielectric ceramic substrate is adopted to minimize the physical height of the antenna for the phase characteristics of the radiation close to the ideal isotropic radiators in elevation angles. To validate that the phase characteristics are similar to those of an ideal radiator, the DOA estimation performances are observed using a dual‐axis interferometry. The results demonstrate that the proposed four‐element array antenna with phase difference characteristics similar to those of an ideal radiator is suitable for the accurate DOA estimation of GPS interference signals.

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“…The multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm [34] is a commonly-used method to estimate the DoA in adaptive arrays (e.g., it was used to evaluate performance in [7], [10], [13], [14], [17], [21], [25]- [27]). The MUSIC algorithm, which is based on the eigenvalue decomposition of the array covariance matrix, is also the method that was used to evaluate and compare DoA estimation performance in this work.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

2D Direction of Arrival Estimation Using Uniform Circular Arrays With Radiation Pattern Reconfigurable Antennas

Jackson

2022

IEEE Access

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This paper focuses on direction of arrival (DoA) estimation using adaptive arrays that consist of radiation pattern reconfigurable antenna (RPRA) elements for 2D direction finding (i.e., azimuth and elevation DoA estimation). In particular, uniform circular arrays (UCAs) are explored that use RPRA elements with two different elevation radiation pattern states to achieve unambiguous estimates over all possible incident angles. Theoretical cardioid-type directional patterns are investigated to determine the pattern states that minimize overall DoA estimation error, and the performance of 3-, 4-, and 5-element RPRA UCAs is compared with baseline theoretical arrays composed of isotropic elements. The results demonstrate that RPRA UCAs with optimized cardioid patterns can achieve similar accuracy to the baseline arrays, but with fewer antennas/front-ends. For example, a 4-element RPRA UCA can achieve approximately the same root mean square error (RMSE) as a 6-element uniform spherical array composed of isotropic elements. Furthermore, unambiguous estimates can be achieved over all incident angles with electrically large UCA radii using optimized RPRA elements, which can further improve accuracy and increase bandwidth. To demonstrate the feasibility of the technique, a practical RPRA was designed at 6 GHz with a pattern that approximates the optimized cardioid, and the performance meets or exceeds the theoretical pattern performance for RMSEs less than 3 • .

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Design of a Compact Hemispiral GPS Antenna With Direction Finding Capabilities

Cited by 12 publications

References 16 publications

Design of a broad‐band microstrip loop antennas with less‐dispersive group velocity for accurate direction finding

Design of a broad‐band microstrip loop antennas with less‐dispersive group velocity for accurate direction finding

Design of a four‐element array for accurate direction of arrival estimation in phase interferometry systems

2D Direction of Arrival Estimation Using Uniform Circular Arrays With Radiation Pattern Reconfigurable Antennas

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