Design of a Biosensor for Continual, Transdermal Glucose Monitoring

Tierney, Michael J; Jayalakshmi, Yalia; Parris, Nicholas; Reidy, Michael P.; Uhegbu, Christopher E.; Vijayakumar, Prema

doi:10.1093/clinchem/45.9.1681

Cited by 55 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Although the glucose biosensor of the GlucoWatch has a linear (r 2 ~ 0.98) glucose response range of 0-28 mM which is larger than the one in this study (r 2 ~ 1.00, 0-4 mM), the amount of transdermal glucose extraction by reverse iontophoresis are several orders of magnitude lower than those present in the blood (~5 µM vs ~ 5 mM). 28 Therefore, our glucose biosensor can cover the concentrations of the transdermally extracted glucose and be useful in a clinical setting. Glucose concentration at diffusion cell (mM) Biosensor current response (µA) Figure 5 Evaluation of the biosensor for noninvasive glucose measurement by reverse iontophoresis.…”

Section: Hydrodynamic Voltammogram Of the Glucose Biosensormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[10][11][12][13][14][15] The authors only found reports of a glucose sensor integrated with reverse iontophoresis function. 11,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] This glucose biosensor, approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, is GlucoWatch ® biographer, which passes a small current between two skin-surface hydrogel electrodes to extract glucose-containing interstitial fluid into hydrogel pads, incorporating a glucose oxidase (GOD) biosensor. 14,17,31 Unfortunately, GlucoWatch causes several problems, such as skin irritation or rash under the device in a number of patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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News & Views in ... Nanomedicine

2010

Nanomedicine

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This study aims to develop an amperometric glucose biosensor, based on carbon nanotubes material for reverse iontophoresis, fabricated by immobilizing a mixture of glucose oxidase (GOD) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) epoxy-composite, on a planar screen-printed carbon electrode. MWCNT was employed to ensure proper incorporation into the epoxy mixture and faster electron transfer between the GOD and the transducer. Results showed this biosensor possesses a low detection potential (+500 mV), good sensitivity (4 μA/mM) and an excellent linear response range (r2 = 0.999; 0–4 mM) of glucose detection at +500 mV (versus Ag/AgCl). The response time of the biosensor was about 25 s. In addition, the biosensor could be used in conjunction with reverse iontophoresis technique. In an actual evaluation model, an excellent linear relationship (r2 = 0.986) was found between the glucose concentration of the actual model and the biosensor’s current response. Thus, a glucose biosensor based on carbon nanotube composites and incorporated with reverse iontophoresis function was developed.

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Section: Hydrodynamic Voltammogram Of the Glucose Biosensormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

News & Views in ... Nanomedicine

2010

Nanomedicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although the glucose biosensor of the GlucoWatch has a linear (r 2 ~ 0.98) glucose response range of 0-28 mM which is larger than the one in this study (r 2 ~ 1.00, 0-4 mM), the amount of transdermal glucose extraction by reverse iontophoresis are several orders of magnitude lower than those present in the blood (~5 µM vs ~ 5 mM). 28 Therefore, our glucose biosensor can cover the concentrations of the transdermally extracted glucose and be useful in a clinical setting. Glucose concentration at diffusion cell (mM) Biosensor current response (µA) The use of the biosensor for noninvasive glucose measurement by reverse iontophoresis…”

Section: Hydrodynamic Voltammogram Of the Glucose Biosensormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[10][11][12][13][14][15] The authors only found reports of a glucose sensor integrated with reverse iontophoresis function. 11,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] This glucose biosensor, approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, is GlucoWatch ® biographer, which passes a small International Journal of Nanomedicine downloaded from https://www.dovepress.com/ by 44.224.250.200 on For personal use only.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon nanotube composites for glucose biosensor incorporated with reverse iontophoresis function for noninvasive glucose monitoring

Sun

Shieh²,

Ching

et al. 2010

IJN

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This study aims to develop an amperometric glucose biosensor, based on carbon nanotubes material for reverse iontophoresis, fabricated by immobilizing a mixture of glucose oxidase (GOD) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) epoxy-composite, on a planar screen-printed carbon electrode. MWCNT was employed to ensure proper incorporation into the epoxy mixture and faster electron transfer between the GOD and the transducer. Results showed this biosensor possesses a low detection potential (+500 mV), good sensitivity (4 µA/mM) and an excellent linear response range (r 2 = 0.999; 0-4 mM) of glucose detection at +500 mV (versus Ag/AgCl). The response time of the biosensor was about 25 s. In addition, the biosensor could be used in conjunction with reverse iontophoresis technique. In an actual evaluation model, an excellent linear relationship (r 2 = 0.986) was found between the glucose concentration of the actual model and the biosensor's current response. Thus, a glucose biosensor based on carbon nanotube composites and incorporated with reverse iontophoresis function was developed.

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“…Conventional glucose-sensing methods can be broadly classified into point sample methods and the more recent continuous monitoring methods 5 . The point sample testing is an enzymatic method done by means of finger pricking and tests on urine samples, whereas the continuous monitoring methods may be invasive, minimally invasive or non-invasive depending upon the use of intravenous/subcutaneous sensor 6 , microneedles 7 , 8 or optical/transdermal sensors 9 , 10 , respectively. The proposed microwave-based measurement scheme is minimally invasive and provides ultrafast results and therefore is a good contender among continuous monitoring methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of an ELC resonator-based reusable RF microfluidic sensor for blood glucose estimation

Govind

Akhtar

2020

Sci Rep

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Design of a reusable microfluidic sensor for blood glucose estimation at microwave frequencies is presented. The sensing unit primarily comprises a complementary electric LC (CELC) resonator, which is made reusable by filling the test sample in a glass capillary before mounting it inside a groove cut in the central arm of the resonator. The use of glass capillary in the present situation to contain the blood sample actually eliminates the possibility of any direct contact of the sensor with the test sample, and hence wards off any coincidental contamination of the sensor. Usage of the capillary provides additional benefits as only microliters of the sample are required, besides offering sterile measuring environment since these capillaries are disposable. The capillary made of borosilicate glass is highly biocompatible and exhibits exceptionally high chemical resistance in corrosive environments. Apart from reusability, the novelty of the proposed sensor also lies in its enhanced sensitivity which is quite an essential factor when it comes to the measurement of glucose concentration in the human physiological range. The applicability of the proposed scheme for glucose sensing is demonstrated by performing RF measurements of aqueous glucose solutions and goat blood samples using the fabricated sensor.

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Design of a Biosensor for Continual, Transdermal Glucose Monitoring

Cited by 55 publications

References 2 publications

News & Views in ... Nanomedicine

News & Views in ... Nanomedicine

Carbon nanotube composites for glucose biosensor incorporated with reverse iontophoresis function for noninvasive glucose monitoring

Design of an ELC resonator-based reusable RF microfluidic sensor for blood glucose estimation

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