Design methods for ULA‐based directional antenna arrays by shaping the Cramér–Rao bound functions

Chen, Minqiu; Mao, Xingpeng; Guo, Ruifeng; Cao, Mengxi; Liu, Yongtan

doi:10.1049/iet-spr.2017.0163

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…. The effect of the exponent, ρ, in (10) on the directivity, D, of the pattern is illustrated in Fig. 4 in the elevation plane for α = 45 • .…”

Section: B Theoretical Reconfigurable Element Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The analysis and results presented thus far have been based entirely on theoretical radiation patterns with the basic shape defined by (10) and have not considered practical antenna design aspects. In order to realize the advantages of the proposed technique and demonstrate its practicality, an RPRA would need to be designed that has radiation pattern states that approximate the optimal theoretical cardioid pattern determined in Section IV.…”

Section: Practical Rpra Design and Doa Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm [34] is a commonly-used method to estimate the DoA in adaptive arrays (e.g., it was used to evaluate performance in [7], [10], [13], [14], [17], [21], [25]- [27]). The MUSIC algorithm, which is based on the eigenvalue decomposition of the array covariance matrix, is also the method that was used to evaluate and compare DoA estimation performance in this work.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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2D Direction of Arrival Estimation Using Uniform Circular Arrays With Radiation Pattern Reconfigurable Antennas

Jackson

2022

IEEE Access

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This paper focuses on direction of arrival (DoA) estimation using adaptive arrays that consist of radiation pattern reconfigurable antenna (RPRA) elements for 2D direction finding (i.e., azimuth and elevation DoA estimation). In particular, uniform circular arrays (UCAs) are explored that use RPRA elements with two different elevation radiation pattern states to achieve unambiguous estimates over all possible incident angles. Theoretical cardioid-type directional patterns are investigated to determine the pattern states that minimize overall DoA estimation error, and the performance of 3-, 4-, and 5-element RPRA UCAs is compared with baseline theoretical arrays composed of isotropic elements. The results demonstrate that RPRA UCAs with optimized cardioid patterns can achieve similar accuracy to the baseline arrays, but with fewer antennas/front-ends. For example, a 4-element RPRA UCA can achieve approximately the same root mean square error (RMSE) as a 6-element uniform spherical array composed of isotropic elements. Furthermore, unambiguous estimates can be achieved over all incident angles with electrically large UCA radii using optimized RPRA elements, which can further improve accuracy and increase bandwidth. To demonstrate the feasibility of the technique, a practical RPRA was designed at 6 GHz with a pattern that approximates the optimized cardioid, and the performance meets or exceeds the theoretical pattern performance for RMSEs less than 3 • .

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“…. The effect of the exponent, ρ, in (10) on the directivity, D, of the pattern is illustrated in Fig. 4 in the elevation plane for α = 45 • .…”

Section: B Theoretical Reconfigurable Element Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Practical Rpra Design and Doa Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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2D Direction of Arrival Estimation Using Uniform Circular Arrays With Radiation Pattern Reconfigurable Antennas

Jackson

2022

IEEE Access

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“…After decades of development, a large number of DOA estimation algorithms have been proposed with excellent performance [ 9 , 10 , 11 ], such as the maximum likelihood (ML) estimation algorithm, based on the idea of maximum likelihood [ 12 ], the Capon beam forming algorithm based on beam forming [ 13 ], multi signal classification (MUSIC) [ 14 ] and estimating signal parameter via rotational invariance techniques (ESPRIT) [ 15 ], which use algorithms based on subspace decomposition, the spare signal reconstruction, and compression-based algorithms that use compressed sensing [ 16 , 17 ], etc. These algorithms can estimate DOA accurately in the majority of scenarios.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-Stage Fast DOA Estimation Based on Directional Antennas in Conformal Uniform Circular Array

Xie

Huang

Zhang

et al. 2021

Sensors

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In conformal array radar, due to the directivity of antennas, the responses of the echo signals between different antennas are distinct, and some antennas cannot even receive the target echo signal. These phenomena significantly affect the accuracy of direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation. To implement accurate DOA estimation in a conformal uniform circular array (UCA) composed of directional antennas, the two-stage fast DOA estimation algorithm is proposed. In the pre-processing stage, multi-target decoupling and target detection are mainly used to obtain the targets’ range bin indexes set; in the rough-precise DOA estimation stage, the amplitude and phase information of each antenna are used for rough DOA estimation and precise DOA estimation, respectively. Based on simulation and actual anechoic chamber radar experiments, and through quantitative analyses of the accuracy, validity and elapsed time of the two-stage fast DOA estimation algorithm compared with the directional antenna MUSIC (DA-MUSIC), sub-array MUSIC (S-MUSIC) and Capon-like algorithms, results indicate that the two-stage fast DOA estimation algorithm can rapidly and accurately estimate DOAs in a multi-target scenario without the range-angle pair-matching procedure. Lower computational complexity and superior estimation accuracy provide the two-stage fast DOA estimation algorithm a broader application prospect in the practical engineering field.

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“…These models perform well in array pattern synthesis, but are not applicable for validating the performance of radiation pattern on DOA estimation. In [3], a theoretical pattern of a linear polarized Potter Horn was modelled, which is a single-parameter normalized 2D amplitude pattern similar to that of [4]. This pattern fits well with the mainlobe of the antenna in the azimuth plane, but it does not explore the effect of the elevation pattern on DOA estimation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

CRB‐based multi‐parameter DOA estimation model for directional UCA with reflective plane

Zhao

Deng

Tan

et al. 2021

Electronics Letters

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In this letter, a new multi-parameter direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation model for directional uniform circular array (UCA) is proposed, which considers the plane-reflected effect. Unlike the most existing models, the proposed model explores the impact of the perturbation on radiation pattern caused by reflected signals and makes full use of the reflected radiation pattern, so it is suited to the practical situations where the impinging signals are reflected on the plane. Based on the principle of sources reconstruction, a modified 3D radiation pattern with image pattern factor is constructed. Moreover, in order to realize high reception performance on the basis of achievable DOA estimation accuracy, the multi-parameter Cramer-Rao Bound (CRB) function is derived to achieve the appropriate optimal parameter of height to wavelength ratio (HWR), which serves as a benchmark for optimizing the accuracy of DOA estimates. Simulation experiments are conducted to demonstrate that the DOA estimation performance of the proposed model outperforms that of the previous models.Data availability statement: The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Design methods for ULA‐based directional antenna arrays by shaping the Cramér–Rao bound functions

Cited by 7 publications

References 30 publications

2D Direction of Arrival Estimation Using Uniform Circular Arrays With Radiation Pattern Reconfigurable Antennas

2D Direction of Arrival Estimation Using Uniform Circular Arrays With Radiation Pattern Reconfigurable Antennas

Two-Stage Fast DOA Estimation Based on Directional Antennas in Conformal Uniform Circular Array

CRB‐based multi‐parameter DOA estimation model for directional UCA with reflective plane

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