Design, implementation and validation of a real-time digital simulator for protection relay testing

Kezunovic, Mladen; Domaszewicz, J.; Skendžić, V.; Aganagic, M.; Bladow, J.K.; McKenna, S.M.; Hamai, D.

doi:10.1109/61.484012

Cited by 46 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…With eMEGASIM, the data stream will be first calculated in CPU and then executed in the FPGA for coordinating and cooperating with the I / O ports. RT-LAB is the platform offered by OPAL-RT, where the model can be programmed and simulated under eMEGASIM [40]- [42]. Fig.…”

Section: Figure 5．simulation Test Grid Cf [20]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on Performance of Real-Time Simulation Based on Inverter-Dominated Power Grid

et al. 2021

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This paper proposes two methods to improve the performance in real-time simulation. The increased inverter-based generations are gradually shifting the operation of the power grid. Consequently, the investigation for the safe operation and further application is essential in the inverter-dominated power grid. As the simulated number of non-linear switch elements like inverter increases, the numerical complexity of the simulation model rises exponentially. Accordingly, the scale of the simulated power grid with inverters is normally constricted by taking account of the burdensome numerical calculation. The emerging of realtime simulator provides the opportunity to enable the simulation of the large-scale power grids. Nevertheless, the simulation boundary condition is still exceeded in the inverter-dominated model. Hence, the improvement of the performance to extend the limitation in real-time simulation is constituted in this paper. The first method proposed is co-simulation. This approach is to simulate the power grid and inverters by models in different deep levels. The phasor model and electrical-mechanical-transient model are utilized to develop the co-simulation model. The second method is network reduction. Based on the dynamic feature of the inverter, it is reduced to an equivalent current source, which decreases the complexity of the model and retains its characteristics. The evaluation of the methods is demonstrated by two indexes: real-time capability and the similarity degree. INDEX TERMS real-time simulation, inverter-dominated power grid, co-simulation, network reduction

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Section: Figure 5．simulation Test Grid Cf [20]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on Performance of Real-Time Simulation Based on Inverter-Dominated Power Grid

et al. 2021

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“…Depending on the type of switches, the circuit variables , for example voltages at the point of common coupling, may be functions of the firing signals and/or the network state (1) Then, the simulator proceeds to obtain the numerical solution of the network state equations for the given time-step. The state equations for a linear time-invariant network can be written in general as (2) subject to the initial conditions and , where is the network state vector and is the input vector. and are constant matrices dependent on the network constants such as R, L, and C. With a time-step of integration , the solution at time can be expressed in terms of the solution at time (3) where is a variable of integration.…”

Section: Multiple Switching Events In Fixed Time-step Digital Simmentioning

confidence: 99%

Algorithms for the Accounting of Multiple Switching Events in Digital Simulation of Power-Electronic Systems

Faruque

Dinavahi

2005

IEEE Trans. Power Delivery

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Digital simulation of power systems containing power electronics apparatus is challenging due to the need to account multiple switching events within one simulation time-step. This paper describes a family of algorithms, with varying levels of computational complexity, for accounting such switching events in digital simulations. The proposed algorithms are applicable for both off-line and real-time simulations. A comparative study on their performance such as harmonic content, errors in fundamental component and simulation time requirement is presented. A Pulse Width Modulated (PWM) Voltage Source Converter (VSC) based D-STATCOM system is used as a case study for simulations. Simulation results indicate excellent performance (accuracy and efficiency) in comparison with a fixed time-step algorithm using a small step-size.

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“…Los primeros avances de RTDS se emplearon en la prueba de relés [1], posteriormente, fue definido el concepto de simulador en tiempo real como una combinación de hardware y software especializado y es implementado en la solución de sistemas electromecánicos de potencia [2]. Con la integración de los microcontroladores en los RTDS, se realiza una implementación del diseño de un simulador digital para las pruebas de breakers, con un sistema de software y hardware de bajo costo utilizando un microprocesador RISC [3], por otra parte, para los sistemas de energía radial trifásico, se consigue modelar y simular un sistema en tres simuladores de tiempo real distintos: GRT, xPC de MathWorks y EST de National Instruments [4].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Desarrollo De Una Planta Piloto Basada en XPC Target

Romero¹,

Rodríguez²,

Bernal³

2017

Rev. Ing. Mat. Cienc. Inf.

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Design, implementation and validation of a real-time digital simulator for protection relay testing

Cited by 46 publications

References 20 publications

Research on Performance of Real-Time Simulation Based on Inverter-Dominated Power Grid

Research on Performance of Real-Time Simulation Based on Inverter-Dominated Power Grid

Algorithms for the Accounting of Multiple Switching Events in Digital Simulation of Power-Electronic Systems

Desarrollo De Una Planta Piloto Basada en XPC Target

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