Design, Implementation, and Modeling of a LoRa Network Installed in a Freshwater Body

Mateo, Londoño,; Urrea, Gustavo; Botero-Valencia, Juan S.; Reyes-Vera, Erick

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-99170-8_2

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Table IV further highlights the most relevant findings from the four case studies. The results shown in Figures 6 verify the correct operation of this device since the phase difference between the output ports (5-6, 7-6, and 8-7) operates as expected in literature reports [4], [5]. When the signal is entered through port 1, the goal is to achieve an average phase difference of 45°, and the proposed solution achieves an average phase difference of 44.76°.…”

Section: Iii1 Butler Matrix Phase Analysissupporting

confidence: 77%

“…The increased interest in Internet of Things (IoT) applications, as well as the expansion of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), has created a need to improve the antennas that are currently utilized to transfer data wirelessly [1]- [4]. In fact, wireless communication systems are often subject to large disturbances that affect the transmission of information, such as environmental changes, channel interference phenomena, and multipath fading.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design and Implementation of a 2.4-GHz Fully Integrated Butler Matrix for Smart Antenna System

Montoya-Villada

Morales-Guerra

Catano-Ochoa

et al. 2023

IRECAP

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This work proposes and analyzes a low-cost fixed microstrip beamforming system based on a uniform linear array with four rectangular patch antennas controlled by a Butler matrix that operates in the 2.4 GHz ISM band. A 4×4 Butler matrix consisting of four hybrid quadrature directional couplers, two crossovers, and two 45° phase shifters was designed and implemented to control the beam direction of the entire system. Similarly, a comparative study is performed between two different antenna arrays, the first consisting of a conventional linear antenna array and the second antenna array consisting of four patch antennas loaded with metamaterial structures on the ground plane. Finally, the electrical performance of both smart beamforming systems was evaluated, and their potential application as a wireless power transmitter was evaluated. Four beams with distinct orientations were created in each situation. The smart antenna based on a conventional array has a higher gain, while the smart antenna based on metamaterial structures has a higher HPBW.

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Section: Iii1 Butler Matrix Phase Analysissupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%