Design Guidelines Using Characteristic Mode Theory for Improving the Bandwidth of PIFAs

Abstract

It is well known that the bandwidth for a planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) changes as the ground plane size changes. To gain insight into what causes bandwidth fluctuations, a process for applying characteristic mode theory to the finite ground plane and feed structure was developed. Four different PIFA designs are then evaluated to show how the modal significance of certain modes on the finite ground plane relate to the bandwidth minima and maxima for each PIFA. Next, finite ground planes are altered using the gained insight to enlarge the bandwidth for an antenna with a fixed maximum ground plane size. The goal of this work is to use the developed bandwidth analysis technique to inform the synthesis of PIFAs that require broader bandwidths.

Dual band frequency tunable planar inverted‐F antenna for mobile handheld devices

“…In Reference , The PIFA is used as an internal antenna to operate at dual‐frequency band using single feed or dual feed techniques for GSM and DCS systems. In References , the characteristic mode analysis was used to analyze the modes on the finite ground plane to improve the bandwidth of PIFA. The feed structure plays a vital role for bandwidth enhancement.…”

Wideband Circularly Polarized Planer Inverted-F Antenna using Reactive Impedance Surface

“…It has integrated the compact volume, which is existing in an advanced compact handset [1] 2-D meandered current paths and the capacitive load for the ground plane for antenna size reduction and improving antenna impedance bandwidth [2]. Finite ground planes contribute significantly to the bandwidth and radiation for PIFA [3] loaded shorting elements of the CP patch antenna to achieve symmetric size reductions and broadside radiation [4]. Asymmetric-cross slotted the patch used for the miniaturization and the circular polarization [5].…”

Dual‐band platform‐mounted HF/VHF antenna design using the characteristic mode theory

“…In fact, this technique has been widely applied in the design of mobile phone antennas. The terminal chassis of the mobile device is excited and plays a major role in radiation of the mobile phone antenna [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. In [17], Villanen et al pointed out that over 90% of the power is radiated by the chassis dominant wave modes in the low operation band of the device, regardless of the antenna type used.…”

“…The theory of characteristic modes was first proposed and investigated by Garbacz et al and Harrington et al in the 1970s [18][19][20][21]. This theory has been widely used as an analysis tool in the design of various antennas such as microstrip patch antenna [22][23][24][25], slot antenna [26], dipole antenna [27][28][29], and mobile phone loop, monopole or planar inverted F antenna [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. The characteristic modal (CM) theory has been used as a design tool to address design challenges such as bandwidth enhancement [7,10,14,28], optimising feed locations in antennas with multiple feeds [11][12][13], decoupling between multiple antennas in a MIMO system [8,29], null scanning [16], and phase array matching [27].…”