Design geometry of the embankment for minimize nonlinear displacement

Abstract

The nonlinear displacement on an embankment occurs owing to nonlinear dynamic loadings, design unsuitable geometry for a geo‐structure, and using inhomogeneous construction materials for construct subsoil or embankment. In this study, the embankment was modeled with three types of geometries and installed on one type of subsoil. The cross‐section of all three models has equal dimensions, and it selected from that was reported in the literature, and the length of 24, 48, and 72 m were designed for the embankment‐subsoil model. The single type soil was used for modeling embankment and subsoil. The seismic load was applied to the model for assessment nonlinear displacement and vibration mechanism of the embankment‐subsoil model. To assess the developed nonlinear displacement, statistical model was applied on the results of the numerical simulation. The results of the statistical model reveal the R2 and root‐mean‐square error (RMSE) support selection suitable for the geometry of the embankment‐subsoil. On the other hand, displacement mechanism associates with the vibration mechanism of the model. With attention to geomorphology of a territory that governs embankment‐subsoil model geometry, the appropriate recognition of the impact of model geometry on differential displacement of the embankment‐subsoil leads to design an embankment with higher seismic resistance.

The use of polyurethane foam-sand mixtures in sandy embankment design- predicting seismic response using FEM, catastrophe theory, B-spline method, and artificial neural networks

“…The domains of the combination of three acceleration directions control the stress, strain, and displacement developed in the model [ 12 ]. In recent years, the limited impact of multidirectional seismic loading on the model's seismic response has been investigated [ [4] , [5] , [6] , 11 , 12 , 43 ]. In this work, a combination of seismic loading was applied to the model according to the boundary conditions of the model introduced in Fig.…”

“…Also, the static and dynamic properties of the polyurethane foam-sand mixture were investigated [ 1 , 2 ]. The seismic response of the embankment was studied by considering the materials [ 4 ], geometry [ 5 ], and displacement of the model [ 6 ]. Despite this, a realistic seismic load needs to be applied to an impermeable embankment consisting of polyurethane foam-sand to investigate its seismic response.…”

“…Embankment earthquake response is related to geometry, mechanical properties, boundary conditions, and the nature of seismic acceleration [ [4] , [5] , [6] , 11 , 12 , 17 ]. Fig.…”

Impact of earthquake’s epicenter distance to failure of the embankment – A seismic prediction

“…The geometry of the embankment impacts the model displacement [48]. As a matter of fact, when simulating problems with seismic waves, the edge effect can be present and should be taken into account in a complete model.…”

Crack simulation for the cover of the landfill – A seismic design

“…Using the appropriate method to simulate a landfill's seismic response accurately is essential. Further, it must be noted that the material's mechanical properties and the model's geometry properties have an impact on the displacement mechanism, and these properties need to be understood correctly by evaluating the input data accurately [10][11][12]. It is well known that the calculation of seismic deformation caused by an earthquake is prone to some error levels [13][14][15].…”