Design for thermal sensation and comfort states in vehicles cabins

Alahmer, Ali; Abdelhamid, Mahmoud; Omar, Mohammed

doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2011.11.056

Cited by 56 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In building sector alone, which is responsible for almost of total energy consumption [1], the interests in energy-conscious and sustainable eco-building development have been increasingly grown to have better indoor environment and less energy consumption. As a result, there have been numerous indoor thermal environmental studies, for example indoor environment of transportation [2,3], public spaces/buildings [4][5][6], workspaces/offices [7], whole building environment [8,9], specific enclosed space [10], among many others. One common feature of these studies is about thermal comfort evaluation and assessment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical optimisation of thermal comfort improvement for indoor environment with occupants and furniture

Horikiri

Yao

2015

Energy and Buildings

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Indoor thermal environment of a 3-D ventilated room was studied by computational fluid dynamics to understand correlations between heat generation, ventilation velocity and thermal sensation indices. The existence of a thermal occupant was found to produce thermal plume approx stronger in magnitude than that from an unoccupied room. With second thermal occupant, there has further temperature increase of maximum , equivalent to an increase of PPD value by , for which occupants would normally feel uncomfortable.Thus, an increased flow ventilation rate ( ) would be required, in order to keep the same thermal comfort level of the room.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical optimisation of thermal comfort improvement for indoor environment with occupants and furniture

Horikiri

Yao

2015

Energy and Buildings

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“…They have been extensively applied to the vehicular in-cabin environments even if their main characteristics complicate the human thermal comfort determination and predictions are due to its thermal transient values and time gradients. Additionally, the non-uniform thermal environment associated with the high localized air velocity, the in-cabin air temperature distribution, the solar heat flux, and the radiative heat flux from surrounding interior surface, all further complicate such predictions [3,25]. Furthermore, unlike air conditioned buildings, the vehicle in-cabin climate is dominated by thermal transient conditions rather than steadystate conditions.…”

Section: 14)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nodes exchange heat with their adjacent nodes via conduction as well as with blood. The practical five steps in using the Berkeley model for predicting local thermal sensation are the following [25]: (i) importing a human geometry into a finite differencing platform that includes the Berkeley sub-routine; (ii) meshing the human geometry depending on the resolution needed; (iii) setting the biological material properties and the thickness values to each individual part; (iv) setting the environmental boundary conditions, including the environmental variables, the clothing properties, the surface conditions, and the convection settings; (v) solving the heat transfer balance equations using a finite differencing approach. a) b) Figure 2: a) Berkley model [46], b) Example of a first coupling attempt between the Berkley model and CFD [47] Another physiological adapting model is the multi-elements model, the improvement being the clothes layer model [48]: the Stolwijk's multi-node model was modified considering the sweat accumulation on the skin surface and applied to simulate the physiological response of the human body.…”

Section: Human Thermo-physiological Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal comfort models for indoor spaces and vehicles—Current capabilities and future perspectives

Croitoru

Năstase

Bode

et al. 2015

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

113

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International audienceThroughout this paper, we reviewed the most popular thermal comfort models and methods of assessing thermal comfort in buildings and vehicular spaces. Most of them are limited to specific steady state, thermally homogenous environments and only a few of them address human responses to both non-uniform and transient conditions with a detailed thermo-regulation model. Some of them are defined by a series of international standards which stayed unchanged for more than a decade. The article proposes a global approach, starting from the physiological reaction of the body in thermal stress conditions and ending with the model implementation. The physiological bases of thermal comfort are presented, followed by the main thermal comfort models and standards and finishing with the current methods of assessing thermal comfort in practice. Within the last part we will focus mainly on thermal manikin experimental studies, and on CFD (computational fluid dynamics) numerical approach, as in our opinion these methods will be mostly considered for future development in this field of researc

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“…Johnson (2002) showed that A/C vehicles in the USA use 27 billion liters of gasoline annually, which is equivalent to 6 % of the domestic petroleum consumption or 10 % of imported crude oil. Alahmer et al (2012) stated that the A/C system accounts for 30 % of mile-per-gallon expenditure. Comfort is not the only reason for using automotive air-conditioning (AAC) systems; road safety also improves with the comfort of the driver and a pleasant environment reduces driver fatigue (Konz 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Achieving a better energy-efficient automotive air-conditioning system: a review of potential technologies and strategies for vapor compression refrigeration cycle

et al. 2015

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This article presents a review of potential technologies and strategies to develop an energyefficient automotive air-conditioner based on the vapor-compression refrigeration cycle system. This paper is broadly divided into two sections. The first is a review of component optimization (primary and secondary components) that enhances the energy efficiency of the automotive air-conditioning (AAC) system. The second presents a review of operational management and control that efficiently consumes energy in operating the AAC system while maintaining vehicular thermal comfort satisfaction. Some of the technologies and strategies described in this article are still conceptual and are the subject of ongoing research. However, the growing demand to reduce energy consumption by developing a new AAC system has led to an increasing number of related studies aimed at generating alternative conventional systems in the near future. Keywords Automotive air-conditioning system . Efficient component . Energy efficiency improvement . Operational management Nomenclature A/C Air-conditioning AAC Automotive air-conditioning CRC Conventional refrigerant cycle DEAC Dual-evaporator air-conditioning DX Direct expansion EEV Electronic expansion valve EV Electric vehicle EVDC Externally controlled variable capacity compressor FCC Fixed capacity compressor FDC Fixed displacement compressor FSTPID Fuzzy self-tuning proportional integral derivative HVAC Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning MEC Modified ejector cycle RV Revolving vane SC Standard cycle SEC Standard ejector cycle TEV Thermostatic expansion valve TPERC Two-phase ejector refrigerant cycle VAV Variable air volume VCC Variable capacity compressor VCR Vapor compression refrigeration Energy Efficiency

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Design for thermal sensation and comfort states in vehicles cabins

Cited by 56 publications

References 15 publications

Numerical optimisation of thermal comfort improvement for indoor environment with occupants and furniture

Numerical optimisation of thermal comfort improvement for indoor environment with occupants and furniture

Thermal comfort models for indoor spaces and vehicles—Current capabilities and future perspectives

Achieving a better energy-efficient automotive air-conditioning system: a review of potential technologies and strategies for vapor compression refrigeration cycle

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