Design for diagnostics and prognostics: A physical-functional approach

This paper discusses the applicability of Visibility Algorithms to detect faults in condition monitoring applications. The general purpose of Visibility Algorithms is to transform time series into graphs and study them through the characterization of their associated network. Degradation of a component results in changes to the network. This technique has been applied using a test rig of an aircraft fuel system to show that there is a correlation between the values of key metrics of visibility graphs and the severity of four failure modes. We compare the results of using Horizontal Visibility algorithms against Natural Visibility algorithms. The results also show how the Kullback-Leibler divergence and statistical entropy can be used to produce condition indicators. Experimental results show that there is little dispersion in the values of condition indicators, leading to a low probability of false positives and false negatives.

Section: Use Case: Aircraft Fuel Systemsupporting

confidence: 87%

A Feasibility Study on the Implementation of Visibility Algorithms for Fault Diagnosis in Aircraft Fuel Systems

Miguez

Uriondo

Rodríguez

et al. 2019

“…The work by Niculita, Jennions, & Irving (2013) describes the design process of a fuel test rig based on a UAV engine feed system. The entire test set-up compromises of the actual test-rig, but also various other tools which facilitate the use of fault detection and isolation: such as a failure-mode analyses, a model simulator, test-rig controller, fault injection unit and data acquisition.…”

Section: Hybrid Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review for State-of-the-Art Health Monitoring Technologies on Airframe Fuel Pumps

Verhulst

Judt

Lawson

et al. 2022

Aircraft maintenance is an essential cost borne by the airline. Improving maintenance practices for day-to-day operations can lead to significant financial savings. The benefits of effective maintenance are derived from the avoided costs caused by unexpected breakdowns and from maximising aircraft flight time transporting passengers. The fuel system is a crucial part of the entire aircraft as it ensures delivery of the fuel to the engine and a key component within this system are the fuel pumps. These airborne fuel pumps are classified between the pumps installed in the airframe fuel system and in the engine fuel system. Past works have investigated the performance characteristics of these pumps during flight, however there are no reviews related to the present Health Monitoring (HM) capabilities under flight conditions. HM refers to the field of diagnosing faults or predicting the remaining useful life (RUL) of the pump and the focus of this review is to highlight the HM technologies suitable for aircraft fuel pumps. This is done by first reviewing the technologies and concepts related to HM of fuel pumps. Second a literature review is carried out on pump and motor faults is carried out, drawing on examples from aerospace and other relevant industries. Section 6: Conclusion, discusses the HM technologies have been applied to aerospace fuel pumps and highlights the gaps in capabilities, based on the findings of the literature review carried out in Section 4: Common Faults and Section 5: HM Sensing Methods to suggest future developments in this field. It was found that there is a large scope for development for the HM airframe fuel pumps, based on reviewing the present state of the art. Furthermore, there are no clear strategies formulated by airframe manufacturers and equipment suppliers to test and implement existing HM solutions to operate under flight conditions. This highlights the need to develop HM in this field and a requirement for further research to allow this technology to be a part of routine aircraft

“…It is important to consider at this stage, the division between on-board and off-board capability under which IVHM has to be implemented and deployed. Niculita et al (2013a) introduced an IVHM development process capable of answering some of the IVHM design related questions. These are questions such as:…”

Section: Preliminary Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating IVHM and Asset Design

Jennions

Niculita

Esperon-Miguez

2020

Integrated Vehicle Health Management (IVHM) describes a set of capabilities that enable effective and efficient maintenance and operation of the target vehicle. It accounts for the collecting of data, conducting analysis, and supporting the decision-making process for sustainment and operation. The design of IVHM systems endeavours to account for all causes of failure in a disciplined, systems engineering, manner. With industry striving to reduce through-life cost, IVHM is a powerful tool to give forewarning of impending failure and hence control over the outcome. Benefits have been realised from this approach across a number of different sectors but, hindering our ability to realise further benefit from this maturing technology, is the fact that IVHM is still treated as added on to the design of the asset, rather than being a sub-system in its own right, fully integrated with the asset design. The elevation and integration of IVHM in this way will enable architectures to be chosen that accommodate health ready sub-systems from the supply chain and design trade-offs to be made, to name but two major benefits. Barriers to IVHM being integrated with the asset design are examined in this paper. The paper presents progress in overcoming them, and suggests potential solutions for those that remain. It addresses the IVHM system design from a systems engineering perspective and the integration with the asset design will be described within an industrial design process.