Design, fabrication and characterization of phase masks for astronomical applications

Massari, Michele; Romanato, Filippo; Carli, Marta; Ongarello, T.; Prasciolu, Mauro; Tamburini, Fabrizio; Mari, Elettra; Bianchini, A.; Barbieri, C.

doi:10.1016/j.mee.2011.02.048

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Electron beam lithography (EBL) represents a powerful tool to generate this kind of structure, due to the possibility to realize continuous surface profiles, high flexibility in the elements design, and good optical quality of the fabricated reliefs [12,[22][23][24]. In a recent paper [24] we presented a fabrication technique to obtain millimeter-sized SPPs by means of EBL working at 100 keV in high-speed writing mode, using high currents (tens of nA) and large beam diameters (tens of nm).…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a recent paper [24] we presented a fabrication technique to obtain millimeter-sized SPPs by means of EBL working at 100 keV in high-speed writing mode, using high currents (tens of nA) and large beam diameters (tens of nm). In the present work we suggest a novel process realized in high resolution, where careful inspection of exposure parameters along with accurate proximity effect correction and optimization of developing conditions, allows for obtaining SPPs of superior optical quality.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fabrication and characterization of high-quality spiral phase plates for optical applications

Massari

Ruffato

Gintoli³

et al. 2015

Appl. Opt.

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The discovery that light beams with a helical phase front carry orbital angular momentum (OAM) has enabled applications in many fields ranging from optical manipulation to quantum information processing and, recently, free-space information transfer and communications. Here, a novel three-dimensional fabrication process by electron beam lithography was finely tuned in order to realize high-quality spiral phase plates (SPPs) for the generation of OAM-carrying optical beams. Single-and multi-step SPPs have been realized for the generation of high-order Laguerre-Gaussian beams with different values of topological charge and radial index. The optical response of these optical elements was experimentally investigated and compared with theoretical models.

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Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication and characterization of high-quality spiral phase plates for optical applications

Massari

Ruffato

Gintoli³

et al. 2015

Appl. Opt.

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“…[22][23][24] In a recent paper, 25 we presented a fabrication technique based on EBL working at 100 keV in high-speed writing mode, where we made use of high currents (tens of nA) and large beam diameters (tens of nms) to obtain millimeter-sized SPPs. They are constructed from a piece of transparent material with gradually increasing, spiraling thickness.…”

Section: Fabrication With Electron Beam Lithographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Spiral phase plates with radial discontinuities for the generation of multiring orbital angular momentum beams: fabrication, characterization, and application

Ruffato¹,

Massari

Carli³

et al. 2015

Opt. Eng

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Downloaded From: http://opticalengineering.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 08/16/2015 Terms of Use: http://spiedigitallibrary.org/ss/TermsOfUse.aspx Abstract. A design of spiral phase plates for the generation of multiring beams carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) is presented. Besides the usual helical profile, these phase plates present radial π-discontinuities in correspondence of the zeros of the associated Laguerre polynomials. Samples were fabricated by electron beam lithography over glass substrates coated with a polymethylmethacrylate resist layer. The optical response was analyzed and the purity of the generated beams was investigated in terms of Laguerre-Gaussian modes contributions. The far-field intensity pattern was compared with theoretical models and numerical simulations, while the expected phase features were confirmed by interferometric analysis with a Mach-Zehnder setup. The high quality of the output beams confirms the applicability of these phase plates for the generation of high-order OAM beams with nonzero radial index. An application consisting of the design of computer-generated holograms encoding information for light beams carrying phase singularities is presented and described. A numerical code based on an iterative Fourier transform algorithm has been developed for the computation of phase-only diffractive optical element for illumination under OAM beams. Numerical analysis and preliminary experimental results confirm the applicability of these devices as high-security optical elements for anticounterfeiting applications.

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“…The mechanical and optical properties of PMMA slide allow direct use as transmission phase mask in the OVC setup. Two different phase masks are available 12 : the first is tailored to work at 532 nm, the second one at 633 nm; the number of steps of both masks is 512. These wavelengths have been selected for simplicity of instrument alignments, since these are common laser lines.…”

Section: Description Of Aqueye Plusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aqueye Plus: a very fast single photon counter for astronomical photometry to quantum limits equipped with an Optical Vortex coronagraph

Naletto¹,

Barbieri²,

Verroi³

et al. 2013

SPIE Proceedings

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In recent years, we developed two very high speed single photon photometers, Aqueye and Iqueye, as prototypes for “quantum” photometers for the Extremely Large Telescopes of the next decade. These instruments, based on single photon avalanche photodiodes and a 4-fold split-pupil concept, have been successfully used to obtain data of the highest quality on optical pulsars. Subsequently, we performed an attempt to utilize the Orbital Angular Momentum and associated Optical Vorticity to achieve high performance stellar coronagraphy. Presently, we are making a synergic effort in building Aqueye Plus, a new instrument for the 1.8 m telescope of the Asiago - Cima Ekar Observatory, which combines both functions, namely high speed simultaneous multicolor photon counting photometry and stellar coronagraphy. The innovative capability of Aqueye Plus is to take advantage of the two parallel outputs (NIM and TTL) of the four high time accuracy photon counting sensors. The NIM output preserves the best timing capability, while the TTL output drives a deformable 32-element mirror in a sort of quadrant detector to correct for defocus and tip/tilt aberrations of the stellar image on the phase mask discontinuity. This paper describes the Aqueye Plus instrument main characteristics and its foreseen performance

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Design, fabrication and characterization of phase masks for astronomical applications

Cited by 8 publications

References 14 publications

Fabrication and characterization of high-quality spiral phase plates for optical applications

Fabrication and characterization of high-quality spiral phase plates for optical applications

Spiral phase plates with radial discontinuities for the generation of multiring orbital angular momentum beams: fabrication, characterization, and application

Aqueye Plus: a very fast single photon counter for astronomical photometry to quantum limits equipped with an Optical Vortex coronagraph

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