Design, Construction, and Performance of a Laboratory-Size Helium Liquefier

Basics of Joule–Thomson Liquefaction and JT Cooling

“…The region where T L remains at 4.2 K can be extended by having an intermediate JT expansion from 30 bar to, e.g., 10 bar as shown in the left figure in Fig. 17 [13]. How this works can be understood using Fig.…”