Design, construction and operation of the ProtoDUNE-SP Liquid Argon TPC

Abstract

The ProtoDUNE-SP detector is a single-phase liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC) that was constructed and operated in the CERN North Area at the end of the H4 beamline. This detector is a prototype for the first far detector module of the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE), which will be constructed at the Sandford Underground Research Facility (SURF) in Lead, South Dakota, U.S.A. The ProtoDUNE-SP detector incorporates full-size components as designed for DUNE and has an active volume of 7 × 6 × 7.2 m3. The H4 beam delivers incident particles with well-measured momenta and high-purity particle identification. ProtoDUNE-SP's successful operation between 2018 and 2020 demonstrates the effectiveness of the single-phase far detector design. This paper describes the design, construction, assembly and operation of the detector components.

Cryogenic characterization of Hamamatsu HWB MPPCs for the DUNE photon detection system

“…In order to validate the DUNE technology, prototypes are being designed, built and tested at CERN, the so-called ProtoDUNEs [1,4]. ProtoDUNE-HD will test the final design of the LAr TPC Horizontal Drift (HD) detector components at a scale of 1:1 in 2023.…”

A First Application of Collaborative Learning In Particle Physics

“…For this proof of concept, a neutrino data set has been created consisting of 10000 training and 2000 validation pictures. Each picture contains three sub-images that mimic the three wireplanes of a typical Liquid Argon Time-Projection Chamber (LArTPC) such as a MicroBooNE [8,9] or ProtoDUNE Single Phase (SP) [10,11]. Each picture is 200 × 200 pixels and represent either a Neutrino Neutral Current (NNC), a Muon Neutrino Charged Current (NCC), or an electron NCC.…”

Techniques for TPC Calibration: Application to Liquid Ar-TPCs

“…Cosmic ray muons are quite extensively used in current LAr TPCs, for both lowand high-level calibration. Both MicroBooNE [7] and the DUNE prototype ProtoDUNE [8] at CERN, employ cosmic-ray taggers in order to provide clean cosmic ray muon data samples for calibration.…”

“…The very massive far detector, made of four modules of 17 kton total mass (∼13-15 kton active mass, depending on the module) will be located on-axis at a distance of 1285 km. The technology of the DUNE far detectors is a significant step up from existing detectors in terms of scale, and therefore is being demonstrated at CERN with two prototype detectors [8,9] (active mass 420 tons).…”