Design Considerations for Wireless Charging Systems with  an Analysis of Batteries

Wang, Zhenshi; Wei, Xuezhe

doi:10.3390/en81010664

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Unlike SCMR, inductive power transfer (IPT) had developed for more than 10 years [4], concerned issues of which include power conversion [5, 6], magnetic structure design [7], control algorithm and strategy [8, 9] as well as circuit topology [10, 11]. IPT mainly focuses on high power level applications [12], especially for onboard battery charging [13]. Either SCMR or IPT conforms to Faraday's and Ampere's laws, and the differences between them primarily include design approaches, system architectures, parameter selection and transfer characteristics [3, 14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nested three‐layer optimisation method for magnetic coils used in 3 kW vehicle‐mounted wireless power transfer system

Wang

Wei

Dai

2016

IET Power Electronics

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Wireless power transfer is becoming more and more popular, especially for the charging design of electric vehicles. In this study, a novel nested three-layer optimisation method based on finite element model (FEM) is proposed to determine the structure of magnetic coils, which can increase the coupling coefficient, and hence, improve the transfer efficiency. The boundary conditions which consider practical situations for electric vehicles are first elaborated, then the optimisation flow is detailed and further analysed. Two magnetic coils are fabricated based on the optimised structure parameters, and their electric parameters, including self-inductances, mutual inductances as well as parasitic resistances, are measured and compared with those extracted from FEM, in addition, the magnetic flux densities around magnetic coils are also analysed. At last, a 3 kW prototype with 95% efficiency over a 20 cm transfer distance is achieved to validate this research results.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nested three‐layer optimisation method for magnetic coils used in 3 kW vehicle‐mounted wireless power transfer system

Wang

Wei

Dai

2016

IET Power Electronics

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“…The control techniques of wireless power transfer (WPT) typically aim to regulate battery the CC/CV charging. A comparison of CC and CC/CV charging for a WPT system is well studied in [75]. The results show that CC charging has a little higher efficiency than the CC/CV method, and the CV stage takes most of the charging time.…”

Section: Controller Locationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inductive Power Transfer for Electric Vehicle Charging Applications: A Comprehensive Review

et al. 2022

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Nowadays, Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) technology is receiving more attention in the automotive sector, introducing a safe, flexible and promising alternative to the standard battery chargers. Considering these advantages, charging electric vehicle (EV) batteries using the WPT method can be an important alternative to plug-in charging systems. This paper focuses on the Inductive Power Transfer (IPT) method, which is based on the magnetic coupling of coils exchanging power from a stationary primary unit to a secondary system onboard the EV. A comprehensive review has been performed on the history of the evolution, working principles and phenomena, design considerations, control methods and health issues of IPT systems, especially those based on EV charging. In particular, the coil design, operating frequency selection, efficiency values and the preferred compensation topologies in the literature have been discussed. The published guidelines and reports that have studied the effects of WPT systems on human health are also given. In addition, suggested methods in the literature for protection from exposure are discussed. The control section gives the common charging control techniques and focuses on the constant current-constant voltage (CC-CV) approach, which is usually used for EV battery chargers.

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“…The one in the pavement (referred as the primary side) is excited with a time-varying current, which induces a voltage in the secondary coil, that is, the coil placed in the EV chassis. This voltage is employed to charge the battery that is connected to the secondary coil [3]. To enhance the power transfer, reactive components (typically named compensation networks) are added to both coils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Four types of compensation networks are considered, as Series-Series is not the only option considered in EV wireless chargers. (3). The reflected impedance is not neglected when deriving the electrical magnitudes affecting the computation of the channel capacity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Coil Misalignment in Data Transmission over the Inductive Link of an EV Wireless Charger

2018

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The penetration rate of electric vehicles (EVs) will experience a relative increment in the future, so easy to use ways to recharge will be demanded. In this sense, wireless charging represents a safe charging method that minimises user intervention. In a similar way to conductive charge, wireless charging requires some information exchange between the charger primary side and secondary side (battery) for safety and operational reasons. Thus, wireless chargers depend on a communication system for their controlled and correct operation. This paper analysed the communication performance of a wireless EV charger in which the communiction device is part of the wireless power transfer system. Particularly, this work studies how the communication system reacts to power coil displacements, which commonly occur in their conventional performance. The results show that the compensation topology selected to ensure the resonant operation clearly impacts on the communication performance. In particular, the theoretical model and the simulation results demonstrate that the asymmetrical compensation topologies are more stable in terms of the wireless communication channel capacity.Energies 2018, 11, 538 2 of 11 For this information exchange, wired communication is advised against, as it will eliminate the main benefits reported by the wireless chargers. Several wireless-based communication techniques have been proposed as alternatives. The more straightforward strategy consists of opting for some commercial wireless modules, which could be inserted in the primary and secondary sides. Coordination between the modules and some security drawbacks are the main concerns which could make this solution inoperative [7]. To obtain more reliable communication, these solutions can be complemented, or even avoided, by using the same wireless link that is involved with the wireless charger.Several papers have been published regarding the use of the coils for the simultaneous transmission of data and power in EV wireless chargers. In [8], the authors designed a scheme where both data and power are transmitted at the same time. Specifically, data and power are generated at different frequencies (1.6 MHz and 22.4 kHz, respectively). A similar scheme was published in [9]. Both schemes are complex to implement, as they have to add high-frequency data communication modules, extra coils and filters to separate the power and data processing accordingly. As demonstrated in [10,11], additional costs can be avoided if the power converters employed to create the high-frequency signal generate the data signal too. According to this strategy, data and power are transmitted at the same frequency. The work in [10] included experimental results which show how this kind of combination is feasible for a 700-W wireless charger operating at 22 kHz. In fact, the spectrum of the data signal is centered at the frequency in which the wireless charger resonates. On the other hand, the data protocol is based on the BFSK (Binary Frequency Shift Keying).As demonstrated ...

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Design Considerations for Wireless Charging Systems with an Analysis of Batteries

Cited by 11 publications

References 32 publications

Nested three‐layer optimisation method for magnetic coils used in 3 kW vehicle‐mounted wireless power transfer system

Nested three‐layer optimisation method for magnetic coils used in 3 kW vehicle‐mounted wireless power transfer system

Inductive Power Transfer for Electric Vehicle Charging Applications: A Comprehensive Review

Impact of Coil Misalignment in Data Transmission over the Inductive Link of an EV Wireless Charger

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