Design Charts To Assist On The Sizing Of Natural Ventilation For Cooling Residential Apartments In India.

Abstract

This paper presents four design charts (DC) to work as a simplified, easy-to-use and cost-effective tool to assist architects and building designers on sizing openings to deliver natural ventilation (NV) for cooling. The DC are derived from analytical techniques for four NV design systems based either on buoyancy-driven or wind-driven flow. The application of the DC is demonstrated to size NV openings for a bedroom in an apartment located in three Indian cities for two opening size scenarios: 'business as usual' (A); and 'necessary size' (B) to deliver the desired ventilation rates for cooling. The ventilation rates for cooling found with these DC are compared with outputs from computational fluid dynamics simulations. Findings show that for the earlier design stage the derived DC are effective tools. It is also found that the opening sizes used in scenario A do not deliver the desired NV rates for cooling, whilst the openings for scenario B must be sized separately for each city to be effective.

Review of Window Performance in A Hot and Humid Climate

“…The articles included in this study focused on natural ventilation in a hot and humid climate. The included articles were on sliding and pivoted windows (Hossain et al, 2017); sliding, double, and quadruple cut-up sliding windows, fixed and projected windows (Kim et al, 2019); sliding window opening (de Faria et al, 2018); side-hung, top-hung, bottom-hung, and sliding windows (Liu & Lee, 2020;Liu & Lee, 2019); two window bands with a single opening (Tena-Colunga & Liga-Paredes, 2020); fixed, louvre, sliding, and double-hung windows (Z. ; sliding windows (Yoon et al, 2020); and sliding, horizontal rectangle windows, and louvre windows (Kitagawa et al, 2021).…”

“…Nine articles focused on naturally ventilated conditions: glazing (Kim et al, 2019) and the optimal positioning of the building opening (Yoon et al, 2020). The other articles on natural ventilation featured investigation of the cooling ventilation process (Hossain et al, 2017;de Faria et al, 2018;Kitagawa et al, 2021), hot-cold season (Z. , the performance of indoor ventilation in relation to window design (Liu & Lee, 2019), window-opening degree (Liu & Lee, 2020), and window frames (Tena-Colunga & Liga-Paredes, 2020).…”

“…The increased heat gain was unavoidable and worsened when the façade faced the direction of solar radiation. Nonetheless, outer louvred shutters could be utilised to avoid overheating on glazed surfaces (de Faria et al, 2018).…”