Design aspects, winding arrangements and applications of printed circuit board motors: a comprehensive review

Taqavi, Omolbanin; Mirimani, Seyed Mehdi

doi:10.1049/iet-epa.2020.0141

Cited by 23 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…Similarly to transformers, PCBs have become a feasible and interesting alternative to conventional round-wire wind. PCB motors can be categorized into two categories depending on the flux direction: radial-flux motors and axial-flux motors [ 71 ]. All of them have interesting applications; for instance, PCB-based motors can be used in the development of hard disks [ 66 , 68 , 72 ]; an axial field permanent magnet motor integrable in the wheel-hub motor of electrical vehicle [ 73 ]; for household appliances [ 70 ]; for nanosatellites [ 69 ] and for a small wind-power system [ 74 ].…”

Section: Printed Circuit Boards For Electronics Sensors and Actuatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Printed Circuit Boards: The Layers’ Functions for Electronic and Biomedical Engineering

Perdigones

Quero

2022

Micromachines

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This paper describes the fabrication opportunities that Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) offer for electronic and biomedical engineering. Historically, PCB substrates have been used to support the components of the electronic devices, linking them using copper lines, and providing input and output pads to connect the rest of the system. In addition, this kind of substrate is an emerging material for biomedical engineering thanks to its many interesting characteristics, such as its commercial availability at a low cost with very good tolerance and versatility, due to its multilayer characteristics; that is, the possibility of using several metals and substrate layers. The alternative uses of copper, gold, Flame Retardant 4 (FR4) and silver layers, together with the use of vias, solder masks and a rigid and flexible substrate, are noted. Among other uses, these characteristics have been using to develop many sensors, biosensors and actuators, and PCB-based lab-on chips; for example, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) amplification devices for Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). In addition, several applications of these devices are going to be noted in this paper, and two tables summarizing the layers’ functions are included in the discussion: the first one for metallic layers, and the second one for the vias, solder mask, flexible and rigid substrate functions.

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Section: Printed Circuit Boards For Electronics Sensors and Actuatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Printed Circuit Boards: The Layers’ Functions for Electronic and Biomedical Engineering

Perdigones

Quero

2022

Micromachines

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“…In Ref. [37], details on the coreless stator (PCB) AFPM machine were reviewed, wherein all the topologies of AFPM, including DSSR, were presented.…”

Section: Double Stator Single Rotor (Dssr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 19 depicts a schematic of losses in a coreless AFPM machine. For coreless AFPM machines, the most critical part is the manufacturing of coreless stators [37]. In this machine, the stator consists mainly of copper coils, which constitute a significant proportion of the total mass of the machine.…”

Section: Issues and Challenges In Design And Implementation Of Corele...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Air-gap length is also an important parameter for AFPM machines because a short air-gap length enhances the magnetic In coreless stator, round wire winding coil is the cause of copper loss [37] A shorter end winding coil can reduce the resistive losses in the inactive part of the coil, which helps to decrease the total copper loss…”

Section: Optimum Air-gap Lengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A systematic review on current research and developments on coreless axial‐flux permanent‐magnet machines

Habib

Zainuri

Seng

et al. 2022

IET Electric Power Appl

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In recent years, coreless axial-flux permanent-magnet (AFPM) machines have been gaining attention. Being coreless, these machines do not experience eddy current (hence hysteresis losses) and has lower cogging torque leading to higher efficiency. However, limitations such as high leakage flux and weak mechanical structure impede its wide application. The results of a systematic review on coreless AFPM machine research is presented, wherein a total of 123 studies have been selected through the Preferred Reported Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) protocol. About 55% of the articles have been published between 2017 and 2021, indicating recent attention of the researchers on coreless AFPM machines. More than 70% (87 out of 123) of the records have been published by IEEE, which proves the quality and acceptance of the studies. In two-thirds (77 out of 123) of the studies, single-stator double-rotor has been adopted as the machine topology, and in 71.8% (84 out of 123) cases, trapezoidal shape magnets have been used in conventional array. The key research areas on coreless AFPM identified through this review are to produce an efficient design for multiphase and multistage topology and develop lightweight rotor and stator structures.

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“…However, PCB inner and outer diameters of various windings are chosen differently and fractional pitched stator coils are used which changes the harmonic levels and induced phase voltages. Different axial‐flux PCB motors are reviewed in [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of PCB winding topologies for axial‐flux permanent magnet synchronous machines

Tokgoz

Cakal

Keysan

2020

IET Electric Power Applications

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Although axial‐flux permanent magnet machines have high torque densities, challenges regarding mass production of stators make them a less appealing choice. Printed circuit board (PCB) axial‐flux machine is a type of machine with a stator that is made of layers of PCB. Given the precise, fast, and cheap mass production capabilities of PCB manufacturers, PCB axial‐flux machines stand as a viable alternative for conventional round‐wire winding machines. In this study, five different winding topologies are compared. Their induced phase voltages and torque are calculated using the developed magnetic scalar potential method and finite element analysis (FEA). Proposed windings are tested on a 16‐pole, 2000‐RPM, double rotor‐single stator axial‐flux permanent magnet synchronous machine. Results showed that the parallel winding had the smallest resistance and loss. Moreover, radial and concentric winding had the highest induced voltage and torque while the radial winding had 20% less phase resistance than concentric. Also, the induced voltage of radial winding had the smallest total harmonic distortion in comparison with other winding types. A novel unequal width parallel winding is proposed and it is compared with parallel winding separately. It is found that by simply increasing the cross‐section area of wave windings, it is possible to decrease copper loss by 17%.

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Design aspects, winding arrangements and applications of printed circuit board motors: a comprehensive review

Cited by 23 publications

References 81 publications

Printed Circuit Boards: The Layers’ Functions for Electronic and Biomedical Engineering

Printed Circuit Boards: The Layers’ Functions for Electronic and Biomedical Engineering

A systematic review on current research and developments on coreless axial‐flux permanent‐magnet machines

Comparison of PCB winding topologies for axial‐flux permanent magnet synchronous machines

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