Design and Validation of a Passive Radar Concept for Ship Detection Using Communication Satellite Signals

Daniel, Liam; Hristov, Stanislav; Lyu, Xiaoyong; Stove, A.G.; Cherniakov, M.; Gashinova, Marina

doi:10.1109/taes.2017.2728978

Cited by 34 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Here, we also remark that there are passive radar applications where direct signal suppression is not crucial. For example, this requirement is often relaxed in passive sensing using communications satellites because of the relatively weak power of the direct path satellite signal than, say, commonly used broadcasting signals [58].…”

Section: Time-delay Estimation With One-bit Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization With One-Bit Passive Radars in Narrowband Internet-of-Things Using Multivariate Polynomial Optimization

Sedighi

Mishra

Shankar

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Signal Process.

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Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications provide location-based services, wherein it is critical to obtain accurate position estimates by aggregating information from individual sensors. In the recently proposed narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) standard, which trades off bandwidth to gain wide coverage, the location estimation is compounded by the low sampling rate receivers and limited-capacity links. We address both of these NB-IoT drawbacks in the framework of passive sensing devices that receive signals from the target-of-interest. We consider the limiting case where each node receiver employs one-bit analog-to-digital-converters and propose a novel low-complexity nodal delay estimation method using constrained-weighted least squares minimization. To support the low-capacity links to the fusion center (FC), the range estimates obtained at individual sensors are then converted to one-bit data. At the FC, we propose target localization with the aggregated one-bit range vector using both optimal and sub-optimal techniques. The computationally expensive former approach is based on Lasserre's method for multivariate polynomial optimization while the latter employs our less complex iterative joint range-target location estimation (ANTARES) algorithm. Our overall one-bit framework not only complements the low NB-IoT bandwidth but also supports the design goal of inexpensive NB-IoT location sensing. Numerical experiments demonstrate feasibility of the proposed one-bit approach with a 0.6% increase in the normalized localization error for the small set of 20-60 nodes over the full-precision case. When the number of nodes is sufficiently large (>80), the one-bit methods yield the same performance as the full precision.

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Section: Time-delay Estimation With One-bit Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization With One-Bit Passive Radars in Narrowband Internet-of-Things Using Multivariate Polynomial Optimization

Sedighi

Mishra

Shankar

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Signal Process.

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“…Relying on transmissions from the space, the systems can work even in remote areas far from land such as economic exclusive zone or international waters, where the coverage of terrestrial illuminators such as DVB-T or FM radio base-stations cannot be guaranteed. Suitable illuminators of opportunity are communication satellites such as Iridium and Inmarsat [1][2][3], digital television satellites such as Astra and Eutelsat [4], and navigation satellites such as GPS and Galileo [5]. It is expected that the continuous update of the current missions and the advent of mega-constellations in LEO orbits, such as Starlink and OneWeb [6] will offer increasing possibilities for satellitebased passive radar technology in the next years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maritime moving target detection and localisation technique for Global Navigation Satellite Signals‐based passive multistatic radar

Nasso,

Santi

2023

IET Radar Sonar & Navi

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This article puts forward a ship target detection and localisation technique for GNSS‐based passive multistatic radar. The approach capitalises on the large spatial diversity offered by navigation satellite constellations to provide maritime awareness using short integration time windows, thus bypassing the shortcomings suffered by approaches relying on long dwells typically considered in satellite‐based passive radar systems. The proposed approach entirely operates on the Cartesian plane and it is able to provide in a single stage the detection and localisation of the target in the surveyed area. Theoretical and simulated performance analysis are provided to illustrate as the proposed approach can outperform conventional two‐stages (i.e. bistatic detection then localisation) procedures, with particular regard to the case of significant radar cross section scintillation, likely experienced in the system under consideration. The effectiveness of the approach has been verified via experimental data acquired in a few scenarios of interest comprising opportunistic targets belonging to different types.

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“…Due to its advantages in dealing with the "four major threats" of radar, external radiation source (also known as illuminator of opportunity) radar has been revived since the 1970s and 1980s, such as using ground, satellite TV or radio signals [1][2][3][4][5][6], using global satellite navigation, etc. The research on positioning signals [7][8][9][10][11][12] as passive radar external radiation sources is developing rapidly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial resolution analysis of passive bistatic radar using low-orbit navigation augmented signals

Wang

et al. 2022

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Aiming at the problem that the traditional monostatic ambiguity function is inconvenient to analyze the spatial resolution of the passive bistatic radar, this paper proposes a method to analyze it in a given airspace by using the spatial distribution of the ambiguity function. This method converts the time-delay Doppler distribution of the traditional ambiguity function into the spatial distribution near the reference target, which makes it more suitable for the intuitive analysis of the spatial resolution capability of the passive bistatic radar. This new method is used to analyze the target resolution capability in the designated airspace when Navigation augmented signals transmitted by the low-orbit communication satellite is used as the illuminator of opportunity. The distribution of the ambiguity function is transformed from a pushpin shape under the monostatic time delay-Doppler shift to a flat “sandwich biscuit” shape in space. The shape is closely related to the geometric relationship of the bistatic radar. Through the spatial distribution of the ambiguity function, the target resolution in a given airspace can be directly observed, which is convenient for analyzing the spatial resolution capability of the signal under different spatial geometric relationships. This also provides convenience for the optimal selection of the location of the illuminator of opportunity and receiving station.

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Design and Validation of a Passive Radar Concept for Ship Detection Using Communication Satellite Signals

Cited by 34 publications

References 22 publications

Localization With One-Bit Passive Radars in Narrowband Internet-of-Things Using Multivariate Polynomial Optimization

Localization With One-Bit Passive Radars in Narrowband Internet-of-Things Using Multivariate Polynomial Optimization

Maritime moving target detection and localisation technique for Global Navigation Satellite Signals‐based passive multistatic radar

Spatial resolution analysis of passive bistatic radar using low-orbit navigation augmented signals

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