Design and theoretical characterization of high speed metasurface modulators based on electro-optic polymer

Sun, Xiaowei; Liu, Guolei; Yu, Haiqing; Ban, Dasai; Deng, Niping; Qiu, Feng

doi:10.1364/oe.418952

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 49 publications

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“…However, their potential in modifying free-space light has been relatively unexplored until recently. Several OEO material-hybrid designs have demonstrated improved tunability of metasurfaces 28 – 30 . Utilizing dielectric resonant structures and RF-compatible coplanar waveguides, a free-space silicon-organic modulator has recently accomplished GHz modulation speed 31 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic light manipulation via silicon-organic slot metasurfaces

Zheng,

Gu,

Kwon

et al. 2024

Nat Commun

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Active metasurfaces provide the opportunity for fast spatio-temporal control of light. Among various tuning methods, organic electro-optic materials provide some unique advantages due to their fast speed and large nonlinearity, along with the possibility of using fabrication techniques based on infiltration. In this letter, we report a silicon-organic platform where organic electro-optic material is infiltrated into the narrow gaps of slot-mode metasurfaces with high quality factors. The mode confinement into the slot enables the placement of metallic electrodes in close proximity, thus enabling tunability at lower voltages. We demonstrate the maximum tuning sensitivity of 0.16nm/V, the maximum extinction ratio of 38% within ± 17V voltage at telecommunication wavelength. The device has 3dB bandwidth of 3MHz. These results provide a path towards tunable silicon-organic hybrid metasurfaces at CMOS-level voltages.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic light manipulation via silicon-organic slot metasurfaces

Zheng,

Gu,

Kwon

et al. 2024

Nat Commun

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Double rectangular-grooves metasurface for highly efficient electric modulation

Li,

Tian,

et al. 2024

Opt. Express

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With the rapid development of optical communication, how to achieve efficient modulation (fast response speed and high modulation depth) of optical signals has attracted more and more attention from researchers. Among all electro-optical modulator (EOM) designs, the electro-optical metasurface is undoubtedly a competitive solution for optical signal modulation in free space. Although current research on electro-optical metasurfaces has realized improving response speed owing to the Pockels effect, there are still difficulties in achieving high modulation depth under CMOS-compatible voltage and developing rational designs of metasurfaces to achieve voltage application that trigger electro-optical effects. In this work, an ultrahigh-Q factor BaTiO3 (BTO) electro-optical metasurface, which consists of a periodic array of rectangular grooves, was designed to provide a feasible solution to address these shortcomings. Based on bound states in the continuum (BIC) theory, ultrahigh-Q factor (2.87 × 105) quasi-BIC (Q-BIC) was obtained around 1550 nm by breaking the in-plane symmetry of the two rectangular grooves in a unit cell, which could significantly deepen the modulation depth. The concave and continuous structure of rectangular grooves made the application of voltage more efficient. The simulation results show that an optical signal modulation in free space with a modulation depth of 100% could be achieved. Multipole decomposition indicated that toroidal dipole (TD) was dominant in this Q-BIC. Our work may further promote the development of electro-optical modulation towards faster and deeper modulation.

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Polarization independent high-speed spatial modulators based on an electro-optic polymer and silicon hybrid metasurface

Qiu

Sun²

2022

Photon. Res.

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Dynamical control of the constitutive properties of a light beam is important for many applications in photonics and is achieved with spatial light modulators (SLMs). Performances of the current demonstrations, such as liquid-crystal or micro-electrical mechanical SLMs, are typically limited by low (∼kHz) switching speeds. Here, we report a high-speed SLM based on the electro-optic (EO) polymer and silicon hybrid metasurface. The specially configured metasurface can not only support a high-Q resonance and large “optical–electrical” overlap factor, but also overcome the challenge of polarization dependence in traditional EO modulators. Combined with the high EO coefficient of the polymer, a 400 MHz modulation with an RF driving source of 15 dBm has been observed in the proof-of-concept device near the wavelength of 1310 nm. The device with the desired merits of high speed, high efficiency, and micrometer size may provide new opportunities for high-speed smart-pixel imaging, free-space communication, and more.

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Design and theoretical characterization of high speed metasurface modulators based on electro-optic polymer

Cited by 4 publications

References 49 publications

Dynamic light manipulation via silicon-organic slot metasurfaces

Dynamic light manipulation via silicon-organic slot metasurfaces

Double rectangular-grooves metasurface for highly efficient electric modulation

Polarization independent high-speed spatial modulators based on an electro-optic polymer and silicon hybrid metasurface

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