Design and Testing of High Damping Rubber Earthquake Bearings for Retrofit Project in Armenia

Fuller, K. N. G.; Lim, C. L.; Loo, S.; Melkumyan, Mikayel G.; Muniandy, K.

doi:10.1007/978-94-015-9544-5_40

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The first retrofit of existing 5-story stone apartment building, as it was mentioned above in Introduction to this paper (see Fig. 3a), has been carried out in Armenia in 1995-1996 [2,15]. The developed structural concept aims at retrofitting an existing building using a simple and innovative working approach [10,16] according to the technology created by the author of this paper (Patent of the Republic of Armenia #579).…”

Section: Base Isolation Retrofitting Approaches For the Existing Buil...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Base isolation retrofitting design for the existing 2-story stone building and its Conversion into a 3-Story kindergarten

Melkumyan¹

2023

World J. Adv. Eng. Technol. Sci.

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Recently the Armenian Missionary Association of America (AMAA) has approached the author of this paper with the request to carry out base isolation retrofitting design for the existing 2-story building with stone bearing walls and to simultaneously convert it into a 3-story kindergarten. In Armenia seismic isolation of existing buildings is becoming a more common method of providing protection from earthquake damage. Thanks to the author’s works in nowadays Armenia is well known as a country where seismic (base and roof) isolation systems are widely implemented in construction of new and retrofitting of existing buildings. The number of seismically isolated buildings per capita in Armenia is one of the highest in the world – second after Japan. The paper given below emphasizes that Armenia achieved significant results also in local manufacturing/testing of seismic isolation laminated rubber-steel bearings (SILRSBs). Several remarkable projects on retrofitting by base isolation of the existing buildings like apartment, school, hotel and hospital buildings are briefly mentioned in the paper to demonstrate the retrofitting experience accumulated in Armenia. Based on the gained experience further developments take place and unique base isolation structural concepts and technologies created by the author are applied more and more to the existing buildings. In this paper base isolation retrofitting design and analysis by the Armenian Seismic Code for the 2-story building with stone bearing walls is described. This will be a first application of base isolation retrofitting technology to an existing stone building with simultaneous increase of the number of its floors by one. The other important factor is that applied structural concept allows retrofitting by base isolation when reconstruction works in superstructure and construction of the additional 3-rd floor were going on in the same time.

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Section: Base Isolation Retrofitting Approaches For the Existing Buil...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Base isolation retrofitting design for the existing 2-story stone building and its Conversion into a 3-Story kindergarten

Melkumyan¹

2023

World J. Adv. Eng. Technol. Sci.

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“…The second type, with a diameter of 380 mm and height of 202 mm, was envisaged for placing in the basement's bearing walls. This type of smaller size isolators with horizontal stiffness equal to 0.81 kN/mm was designed earlier [11] and widely used for retrofitting of existing and construction of new buildings in Armenia.…”

Section: Structural Concept Of Retrofitting By Base Isolation Of the mentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods of Creation of Base Isolation Systems for Retrofitting of Existing Reinforced Concrete Frame Buildings

Melkumyan¹

2015

Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Computational Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering (COM

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“…The high-damping rubber bearings (HDRB) used for retrofitting the existing 5-story stone apartment buildings were designed in collaboration with Tun Abdul Razak Research Center (TARRC, UK) (MELKUMYAN, 1997;FULLER et al, 2000) to achieve damping of 10% or more. Bearings had 14 rubber layers, with a diameter of 380 mm and thickness of 9 mm each, and 13 steel layers with a diameter of 360 mm and thickness of 2.5 mm each.…”

Section: Upgrading Earthquake Resistance Of Existing 9-story R/c Builmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Seismic Risk in the City of Yerevan and its Mitigation by Application of Innovative Seismic Isolation Technologies

Melkumyan

2010

Pure Appl. Geophys.

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It is obvious that the problem of precise assessment and/or analysis of seismic hazard (SHA) is quite a serious issue, and seismic risk reduction considerably depends on it. It is well known that there are two approaches in seismic hazard analysis, namely, deterministic (DSHA) and probabilistic (PSHA). The latter utilizes statistical estimates of earthquake parameters. However, they may not exist in a specific region, and using PSHA it is difficult to take into account local aspects, such as specific regional geology and site effects, with sufficient precision. For this reason, DSHA is preferable in many cases. After the destructive 1988 Spitak earthquake, the SHA of the territory of Armenia has been revised and increased. The distribution pattern for seismic risk in Armenia is given. Maximum seismic risk is concentrated in the region of the capital, the city of Yerevan, where 40% of the republic's population resides. We describe the method used for conducting seismic resistance assessment of the existing reinforced concrete (R/C) buildings. Using this assessment, as well as GIS technology, the coefficients characterizing the seismic risk of destruction were calculated for almost all buildings of Yerevan City. The results of the assessment are presented. It is concluded that, presently, there is a particularly pressing need for strengthening existing buildings. We then describe non-conventional approaches to upgrading the earthquake resistance of existing multistory R/C frame buildings by means of Additional Isolated Upper Floor (AIUF) and of existing stone and frame buildings by means of base isolation. In addition, innovative seismic isolation technologies were developed and implemented in Armenia for construction of new multistory multifunctional buildings. The advantages of these technologies are listed in the paper. It is worth noting that the aforementioned technologies were successfully applied for retrofitting an existing 100-year-old bank building in Irkutsk (Russia), for retrofit design of an existing 177-year-old municipality building in Iasi (Romania) and for construction of a new clinic building in Stepanakert (Nagorno Karabakh). Short descriptions of these projects are presented. Since 1994 the total number of base and roof isolated buildings constructed, retrofitted or under construction in Armenia, has reached 32. Statistics of seismically isolated buildings are given in the paper. The number of base isolated buildings per capita in Armenia is one of the highest in the world. In Armenia, for the first time in history, retrofitting of existing buildings by base isolation was carried out without interruption in the use of the buildings. The description of different base isolated buildings erected in Armenia, as well as the description of the method of retrofitting of existing buildings which is patented in Armenia (M. G. Melkumyan, patent of the Republic of Armenia No. 579), are also given in the paper.

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Design and Testing of High Damping Rubber Earthquake Bearings for Retrofit Project in Armenia

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Base isolation retrofitting design for the existing 2-story stone building and its Conversion into a 3-Story kindergarten

Base isolation retrofitting design for the existing 2-story stone building and its Conversion into a 3-Story kindergarten

Methods of Creation of Base Isolation Systems for Retrofitting of Existing Reinforced Concrete Frame Buildings

Assessment of the Seismic Risk in the City of Yerevan and its Mitigation by Application of Innovative Seismic Isolation Technologies

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