Design and test of 2ZYM-2 potted vegetable seedlings transplanting machine

Abstract

In order to improve the efficiency and quality of transplanting vegetables in dry land, based on the seedling technology, transplanting effect and analysis of the planting process, a potted vegetable seedlings transplanting machine was designed. It mainly comprised rotary disc type feeding mechanism, five-bar duckbill type planting mechanism (simulated duckbill mechanism, disc cam, connecting rod, crank, fork, cable) and power transmission system. Based on the physical parameters of the seedlings and design requirements, it was determined that the diameter of the duckbill was D=90 mm, the opening and closing angle was 25°, and the taper angle was 17°. A test bench with adjustable parameters was built by analyzing the structure of the planting mechanism and the motion of the working process. The digital speckle technique was used to optimize the parameters, so that the length of the crankshaft Ι was S 1 =100 mm, the length of the crankshaft ΙΙ was S 2 = 80 mm, the length of the connecting rod Ι was S 3 =140 mm, the length of the connecting rod ΙΙ was S 4 =260 mm, the length of rod to connecting the rack was S 6 =314 mm, and the height of planting track was H=450 mm. According to the above parameters and the control requirements of the duckbill mechanism, the cam stroke was determined to be S=15 mm. And the initial phase difference between the two cams was 180°. The experiment was carried out with pepper seedlings as transplanting objects. The results showed that when the planting frequency was 50-70 plants/min, the seedling upright rate was 93%-91.1%, the planting depth qualified rate was 96%-92%. The leakage rate was 0-0.26%, the variation coefficient of plant spacing was 0.37%-0.67%, the injury rate was 0%, and the mechanical damage degree of the mining surface was 2.43-3.77 mm/m 2. The machine can effectively improve the quality of transplanting, which can meet the production needs and design requirements of the mechanism.

Working Speed Analysis of the Gear-Driven Dibbling Mechanism of a 2.6 kW Walking-Type Automatic Pepper Transplanter

“…The seedling upright angle was observed as 90 • ± 3.26 • , with a success rate of 91.8% for the 300 mm/s forward speed. Various researchers evaluated different dibbling mechanisms by performing transplanting operations with 150 to 200 mm/s forward speeds, where the soil water content was considered in a range from 15 to 25% and found the success rate of transplanting as 91-93% [21,24]. Based on the field experiments, the success rate of transplanting using the proposed dibbling mechanism was similar, although the transplanter forward speed was higher than the previous research results.…”

“…Based on the literature, the acceptable range of straight upright orientation of the transplanted seedlings is 90 ± 20 • [18,19]. Other agronomic requirements, such as planting depth, planting interval, and soil moisture content, also need to be maintained as 40-50 mm, 30-50 mm, and 15-25%, respectively, to operate the transplanter at 150-350 mm/s forward speeds [19][20][21][22][23][24]. Following on from these researchers, this study analyzes the gear-driven hopper-type dibbling mechanism of an automatic pepper transplanter with an improved design for efficiently planting seedlings at high speeds.…”

Design and Experiment of the Buckwheat Hill-Drop Planter Hole Forming Device

“…The duckbill hole forming device is widely used in the hill-drop planter of wheat, cotton, peanut, sugar beet, etc. [26,27]. The duckbill hole forming device structure is shown in Figure 1a.…”

A Framework for Identification of Healthy Potted Seedlings in Automatic Transplanting System Using Computer Vision

“…The automatic transplanting of healthy potted seedlings can not only ensure the integrity of seedling growth but also reduce the time consumption of manual operation in the whole process of vegetable factory production. Many automatic transplanting systems have been developed for transplanting different kinds of potted seedlings (Han et al, 2018a,b;Rahul et al, 2019;Jin et al, 2020). The transplanting mechanism was designed and the theory of automatic transplanting was analyzed in literature (Sun et al, 2017;Vivek et al, 2017).…”