Design and Synthesis of Porous Organic Polymers: Promising Catalysts for Lignocellulose Conversion to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural and Derivates

Abstract

In the face of the current energy and environmental problems, the full use of biomass resources instead of fossil energy to produce a series of high-value chemicals has great application prospects. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), which can be synthesized from lignocellulose as a raw material, is an important biological platform molecule. Its preparation and the catalytic oxidation of subsequent products have important research significance and practical value. In the actual production process, porous organic polymer (POP) catalysts are highly suitable for biomass catalytic conversion due to their high efficiency, low cost, good designability, and environmentally friendly features. Here, we briefly describe the application of various types of POPs (including COFs, PAFs, HCPs, and CMPs) in the preparation and catalytic conversion of HMF from lignocellulosic biomass and analyze the influence of the structural properties of catalysts on the catalytic performance. Finally, we summarize some challenges that POPs catalysts face in biomass catalytic conversion and prospect the important research directions in the future. This review provides valuable references for the efficient conversion of biomass resources into high-value chemicals in practical applications.

Beyond 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid: status quo, environmental assessment, and blind spots of furanic monomers for bio-based polymers

“…Besides, the photocatalytic methods, various thermo-catalytic ones were also reported, while few works regarding electro-, sono-, and bio-catalytic as well as microwave-based approaches 61 are also available in the literature although in the scale of milligram synthesis. [62][63][64][65][66][67] Especially in the case of electrocatalytic HMF oxidation, the goal in all cases is to achieve full oxidation to FDCA and simultaneous H 2 production by water splitting in the other electrode. 62 In conclusion, the main drawback in most of presented research works related to DFF synthesis is that isolation/purification of the product as well as purification/regeneration of the used solvents and/or catalysts were rarely addressed.…”

Recent Advances in Electrocatalytic Oxidation of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-Furandicarboxylic Acid by Heterogeneous Catalysts

“…In recent years, due to its advantages such as low skeleton density, large specific surface area, uniform pore size distribution, high porosity, high crystallinity, high stability, and designable structural units, it has become a research frontier and hotspot in the field of materials science. It has shown good application prospects in gas adsorption and separation, catalysis, optoelectronics, drug delivery, chemical sensing, energy storage, and chromatographic separation [118,119].…”