Design and Synthesis of Free-Radical/Cationic Photosensitive Resin Applied for 3D Printer with Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Irradiation

Shan, Junyang; Yang, Zijun; Chen, Guoguang; Hu, Yang; Luo, Ying; Dong, Xiaoting; Zheng, Wenxu; Zhou, Wuyi

doi:10.3390/polym12061346

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…Unreacted double bonds and photoinduced free radicals or surface oxygen around the forming 3D network structure may hinder further polymerization [ 22 ]. Thus, post-curing was recommended [ 23 ]. All groups’ DC increased concomitantly with UV exposure time, a finding in line with a previous study [ 17 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Properties and Biocompatibility of Urethane Acrylate-Based 3D-Printed Denture Base Resin

et al. 2021

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In this study, five urethane acrylates (UAs), namely aliphatic urethane hexa-acrylate (87A), aromatic urethane hexa-acrylate (88A), aliphatic UA (588), aliphatic urethane triacrylate diluted in 15% HDD (594), and high-functional aliphatic UA (5812), were selected to formulate five UA-based photopolymer resins for digital light processing (DLP)-based 3D printing. Each UA (40 wt%) was added and blended homogenously with ethoxylated pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (40 wt%), isobornyl acrylate (12 wt%), diphenyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxide (3 wt%), and a pink acrylic (5 wt%). Each UA-based resin specimen was designed using CAD software and fabricated using a DLP 3D printer to specific dimensions. Characteristics, mechanical properties, and cytotoxicity levels of these designed UA-based resins were investigated and compared with a commercial 3D printing denture base acrylic resin (BB base) control group at different UV exposure times. Shore hardness-measurement data and MTT assays were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance with Bonferroni’s post hoc test, whereas viscosity, maximum strength, and modulus were analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test (α = 0.05). UA-based photopolymer resins with tunable mechanical properties were successfully prepared by replacing the UA materials and the UV exposure times. After 15 min of UV exposure, the 5812 and 594 groups exhibited higher viscosities, whereas the 88A and 87A groups exhibited lower viscosities compared with the BB base group. Maximum flexural strength, flexural modulus, and Shore hardness values also revealed significant differences among materials (p < 0.001). Based on MTT assay results, the UA-based photopolymer resins were nontoxic. In the present study, mechanical properties of the designed photopolymer resins could be adjusted by changing the UA or UV exposure time, suggesting that aliphatic urethane acrylate has good potential for use in the design of printable resins for DLP-type 3D printing in dental applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Properties and Biocompatibility of Urethane Acrylate-Based 3D-Printed Denture Base Resin

et al. 2021

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“…Its fundamental principle is based on the use of electric field to cause spontaneous changes in the molecule rearrangement of liquid resins [9]. This normally results in monomer polymerization, and hence prevents further penetration of light [164]. LCD offers appreciable image resolution, but the precision is somehow lower than that of traditional DLP.…”

Section: Liquid Crystal Display (Lcd) Printingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photopolymerization-based additive manufacturing of ceramics: A systematic review

et al. 2021

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Conversion of inorganic-organic frameworks (ceramic precursors and ceramic-polymer mixtures) into solid mass ceramic structures based on photopolymerization process is currently receiving plentiful attention in the field of additive manufacturing (3D printing). Various techniques (e.g., stereolithography, digital light processing, and two-photon polymerization) that are compatible with this strategy have so far been widely investigated. This is due to their cost-viability, flexibility, and ability to design and manufacture complex geometric structures. Different platforms related to these techniques have been developed too, in order to meet up with modern technology demand. Most relevant to this review are the challenges faced by the researchers in using these 3D printing techniques for the fabrication of ceramic structures. These challenges often range from shape shrinkage, mass loss, poor densification, cracking, weak mechanical performance to undesirable surface roughness of the final ceramic structures. This is due to the brittle nature of ceramic materials. Based on the summary and discussion on the current progress of material-technique correlation available, here we show the significance of material composition and printing processes in addressing these challenges. The use of appropriate solid loading, solvent, and preceramic polymers in forming slurries is suggested as steps in the right direction. Techniques are indicated as another factor playing vital roles and their selection and development are suggested as plausible ways to remove these barriers.

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“…One of the most common approaches to reduce volume shrinkage is the mixing of epoxy-based and acrylate-based resins. Shan et al [29] reduced the volume shrinkage of 3D printed parts from 10.44% to 7.41% with the addition of epoxy resin. However, a high amount of epoxy resin led to a reduction of mechanical properties before post-curing.…”

Section: Figure 2 Schematic Representation Of Vp Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Triacrylate Monomer Structure on Volume Shrinkage and Tensile Properties of Vat Polymerization Resins

Kılıç¹,

Camadanli²

2021

International Journal of 3D Printing Technologies and Digital Industry

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This study investigates the influence of triacrylate monomer structure on volume shrinkage, tensile properties, and viscosity of vat polymerization (VP) resins. The amount of triacrylate monomer kept constant as 20%wt. to prevent excessive volume shrinkage effect. Results indicated that ethoxylated and propoxylated triacrylate structures are beneficial to reduce the volume shrinkage of VP resins. However, these flexible chain structures led to a reduction in tensile properties and the elastic modulus of VP resins deteriorated up to 35% compared to trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA). There is no significant effect observed on VP resin reactivity according to the triacrylate type. Besides, ethoxylated triacrylate presented the best dilution effect on VP resin.

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Design and Synthesis of Free-Radical/Cationic Photosensitive Resin Applied for 3D Printer with Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Irradiation

Cited by 26 publications

References 36 publications

Mechanical Properties and Biocompatibility of Urethane Acrylate-Based 3D-Printed Denture Base Resin

Mechanical Properties and Biocompatibility of Urethane Acrylate-Based 3D-Printed Denture Base Resin

Photopolymerization-based additive manufacturing of ceramics: A systematic review

The Effect of Triacrylate Monomer Structure on Volume Shrinkage and Tensile Properties of Vat Polymerization Resins

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