Abstract:A microstrip patch antenna for Global Positioning System (GPS) application is presented in this study. It has a rectangular shape with two notched slots. The notched slots are introduced to improve the adaptation between the microstrip line and the antenna. The antenna was designed and simulated by CST using FR-4 material as the substrate with relative permittivity of 4.3. The proposed microstrip antenna is designed to operate in the GPS band frequency from 1.555 GHz to 1.595 GHz. The performance analysis of t… Show more
“…Although the antennas do most of the emission and reception of data, they are primarily applied in non-wired systems for communication. The capabilities of the transmitter have not been limited to strengthening signal interception but also enable precise positioning, navigation, and other space-based applications [15], [16]. Therefore, microstrip antennas play an essential role as a propagation medium.…”
In this comparative study, seven different microstrip antenna shapes, including rectangular, elliptical, triangular, inset fed, H-notch, and E-notch, were observed and analyzed, focusing on their suitability for global positioning system (GPS) application in microsatellites. To enable meaningful comparison, the study utilized the optimal resonant frequency in GPS applications, which is 1.57542 GHz. All the antenna designs have been generated using MATLAB’s Antenna Toolbox and are 100% efficient under ideal conditions with zero polarization loss, which is assumed in the link budget analysis. The results show that each antenna shape has been found to offer distinct advantages and limitations. Along with this, the circular and elliptical patch antenna presented a well-balanced performance, which is suitable for GPS applications. However, the elliptical shape falls behind the circular shape, which was determined to be the most optimal choice for GPS application, providing excellent isotropic antenna gain, return loss, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), and strong link budget analysis results.
“…Although the antennas do most of the emission and reception of data, they are primarily applied in non-wired systems for communication. The capabilities of the transmitter have not been limited to strengthening signal interception but also enable precise positioning, navigation, and other space-based applications [15], [16]. Therefore, microstrip antennas play an essential role as a propagation medium.…”
In this comparative study, seven different microstrip antenna shapes, including rectangular, elliptical, triangular, inset fed, H-notch, and E-notch, were observed and analyzed, focusing on their suitability for global positioning system (GPS) application in microsatellites. To enable meaningful comparison, the study utilized the optimal resonant frequency in GPS applications, which is 1.57542 GHz. All the antenna designs have been generated using MATLAB’s Antenna Toolbox and are 100% efficient under ideal conditions with zero polarization loss, which is assumed in the link budget analysis. The results show that each antenna shape has been found to offer distinct advantages and limitations. Along with this, the circular and elliptical patch antenna presented a well-balanced performance, which is suitable for GPS applications. However, the elliptical shape falls behind the circular shape, which was determined to be the most optimal choice for GPS application, providing excellent isotropic antenna gain, return loss, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), and strong link budget analysis results.
“…The proposed system addresses these issues by incorporating a tidal surge level indicator, which can alert relevant parties when a hazard is detected. The primary focus of this paper is the implementation of this disaster management system, simulated using an ATMEGA 16 microcontroller [3,4].…”
With over half of recent global calamities traceable to seismic activities, including earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and underwater landslides, and their resultant tsunamis, the importance of efficient disaster management cannot be overstated. This study proposes a novel disaster management system, designed to safeguard both human and animal life, particularly along the Arabian Peninsula's coastal areas, which are vulnerable to tsunamis. Seismic activities result from the release of accumulated tectonic plate pressure over millions of years, giving rise to two primary seismic wave types-pressure waves, which travel at a rate of five kilometers per second, and slower shear waves, moving at one kilometer per second. When such activities occur underwater, the subsequent shockwaves can generate tsunamis, which pose significant threats to coastal regions. The proposed disaster management system leverages pressure sensors and wireless communication technology. Deployed on the ocean floor, these sensors detect changes in water pressure caused by displacement, differentiating between standard ocean waves and those induced by seismic activities. Data from these pressure sensors, in conjunction with tidal gauges, are collected and analyzed by a ground station. Based on the severity of the situation, alerts are then issued to relevant parties. This system aims to provide rapid communication to residents in potential disaster zones, facilitating swift evacuation in response to detected seismic activities. To assess the system's effectiveness, a simulation model was created using Proteus, with the results thoroughly analyzed and evaluated. The system's design and implementation is expected to significantly reduce response times to seismic events and tsunamis, thereby enhancing disaster management along the Arabian Peninsula's coastline.
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