Design and simulation issues for secure power networks as resilient smart grid infrastructure

Mohammed, Osama A.; Youssef, Tarek; Cintuglu, Mehmet H.; Elsayed, Ahmed T.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-805343-0.00012-7

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…Considering a typical operation time of commercial OCRs to be around 20 ms (in a 50 Hz system) [25], the proposed diagnosis scheme provides a solution by investigating the trajectory of ∆f (pu) and ∆V d (pu) within 5 ms (20 samples/cycle) window, to have a selective and fast decision such that the protection system remains unaltered. As the permissible limits of frequency deviation is commonly around ± 1% and that of voltage deviation is ± 5% from the rated value [26], the trajectory as per the proposed method lies within these allowable limits, as shown in Fig. 3.…”

Section: Proposed Anomaly Diagnosis Scheme -Modeling and Formal Guara...mentioning

confidence: 73%

Distinguishing Between Cyber Attacks and Faults in Power Electronic Systems—A Noninvasive Approach

Gupta

Sahoo

Mohanty

et al. 2023

IEEE J. Emerg. Sel. Topics Power Electron.

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With increased cyber infrastructure in large power systems with inverter-based resources (IBRs), it remains highly susceptible to cyber attacks. Reliable and secure operations of such system under a large signal disturbance necessitate an anomaly diagnosis scheme, which is substantial for either selective operation of relays (during grid faults), or cybersecurity (during cyber attacks). This becomes a challenge for power electronic systems, as their characteristic response to such large signal disturbance is very fast. Hence, we accumulate our efforts in this paper to characterize between them accurately within a short time frame. A novel non-invasive anomaly diagnosis mechanism for IBRs is presented, which only requires locally measured voltage and frequency as inputs. Mapping these inputs in a X-Y plane, the characterization process is able to classify between the anomalies within 5 ms. To the best of our knowledge, this mechanism provides the fastest decision in comparison to the existing techniques, which also assists the equipped protection/cybersecurity technology to take corresponding decisions without enforcing any customization. The proposed scheme is validated on many systems using real-time (RT) simulations in OPAL-RT environment with HYPERSIM software and also on a hardware prototype. The results verify the effectiveness, scalability and accuracy of the proposed mechanism under different scenarios.

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Section: Proposed Anomaly Diagnosis Scheme -Modeling and Formal Guara...mentioning

confidence: 73%

Distinguishing Between Cyber Attacks and Faults in Power Electronic Systems—A Noninvasive Approach

Gupta

Sahoo

Mohanty

et al. 2023

IEEE J. Emerg. Sel. Topics Power Electron.

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“…However, their participation alongside BESS, decreases the share of BESS power injection/absorption for PFC, and consequently decreases the required power rating of the battery. The allowable range for frequency deviation from nominal frequency is ±1 pu [30]. The Genetic Algorithm (GA) is used to determine K BESS , K Dut_Fre and K LEDLLs to ensure that the frequency deviations remain within these allowable range while the most benefit is taken from the capacity of the PV and LEDLLs to participate in PFC to reduce the battery size.…”

Section: Novel and Optimal Battery Sizing Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel and Optimal Battery Sizing Procedure Based on MG Frequency Security Criterion Using Coordinated Application of BESS, LED Lighting Loads, and Photovoltaic Systems

2020

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This paper proposes a novel and optimal battery sizing procedure for the primary frequency control (PFC) of islanded microgrid (MG). The Battery Energy Storage System (BESS), Photovoltaic (PV) systems and LED Lighting Loads (LEDLLs) are coordinated to quickly intercept frequency deviation in the stage of PFC. The PVs decrease their power generation in the case of surplus of power generation. The LEDLLs decrease their power consumption in the case of power shortage. The BESS participates in PFC in both cases by injecting/absorbing power. Some batteries with overloading characteristics are capable of fast discharge/charge for a short period, which can be used to reduce the required battery size for PFC application. The conventional overloading characteristics is based on constant power discharge/charge, but the BESS power varies in response to frequency deviation. To overcome this problem, a modified overloading characteristic is presented based on variable power discharge/charge, which is used to propose a battery sizing algorithm. The Genetic Algorithm is used to optimally determine the frequency controllers' coefficients of the BESS, PVs and LEDLLs to minimize the required battery size while maintaining the MG frequency within safe operational limits. The proposed battery sizing procedure is evaluated on the CIGRE low voltage benchmark system using simulation in MATLAB/Simulink software. The results show that beside the overloading characteristics of the battery, the participation of PVs and LEDLLs in PFC also reduces the required battery size, because their participation reduces the share of BESS participation in PFC.

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“…3 Using live and virtual systems in combination decreases production costs, especially in the defense industry. 4 Thanks to their advantageous combination, data distribution service for real-time systems (DDS) and high-level architecture (HLA) are frequently used together in various endeavors such as distributed traffic simulation, 5 hybrid software/hardware smart grid testbed, 6 and the integration of a forward air controller virtual simulator into a real-time environment for distributed simulations. 7 Since their application areas differ, various solutions have been developed for the interoperability of these two middleware standards.…”

Section: Gateway Federatementioning

confidence: 99%

Data interoperability between DDS and HLA through a dynamically reconfigurable gateway

Kaya,

Cilden,

Karamanlioglu

et al. 2023

Softw Pract Exp

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Software systems need to be complex and large‐scale to keep up with growing user expectations with ever‐increasing technological improvements. Building these systems from scratch is costly and time‐consuming; thus, the importance of reuse and interoperability is increasing. Live‐virtual‐constructive (LVC) simulation systems are composed of multiple heterogeneous subsystems. These subsystems may have different implementations and designs. In such multiarchitecture LVC environments, gateways are promising solutions to address interoperability issues. In this article, a gateway‐based solution is proposed to achieve LVC interoperability with a particular focus on two standard middleware, namely, data distribution service for real‐time systems (DDS) and high‐level architecture (HLA) for distributed simulation. The gateway is capable of providing two‐way data transfer between DDS and HLA. The design of the gateway adheres to the idea of configurable connectors, which allow users to generate a customized gateway. The gateway is capable of converting primitive and structured data types between DDS and HLA. These conversions are specified by users resulting in different configurations of the gateway. The gateway can also be adapted to different configurations at runtime. This research addresses the increasing importance of interoperability and reuse considering the complex and large‐scale LVC systems. The effectiveness of the proposed gateway is demonstrated by academic and industrial case studies.

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Design and simulation issues for secure power networks as resilient smart grid infrastructure

Cited by 9 publications

References 104 publications

Distinguishing Between Cyber Attacks and Faults in Power Electronic Systems—A Noninvasive Approach

Distinguishing Between Cyber Attacks and Faults in Power Electronic Systems—A Noninvasive Approach

A Novel and Optimal Battery Sizing Procedure Based on MG Frequency Security Criterion Using Coordinated Application of BESS, LED Lighting Loads, and Photovoltaic Systems

Data interoperability between DDS and HLA through a dynamically reconfigurable gateway

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