Design and performance of an interferometric trigger array for radio detection of high-energy neutrinos

Allison, P.; Archambault, S.; Bard, Robert L.; Beatty, J. J.; Beheler-Amass, M.; Besson, D.; Beydler, M.; Bogdan, M.; Chen, C.-C.; Chen, Chi-Hung; Chen, P.; Clark, Brian; Clough, A. R.; Connolly, A.; Cremonesi, L.; Davies, J.; Deaconu, C.; DuVernois, Michael; Friedman, E.; Hanson, Jordan C.; Hanson, K.; Haugen, J.; Hoffman, K. D.; Hokanson-Fasig, B.; Hong, Eugene; Hsu, Shih-Ying; Hu, Lei; Huang, J. J.; Huang, M.; Hughes, K.; Ishihara, A.; Karle, A.; Kelley, J. L.; Khandelwal, Rishabh; Kim, M.; Kravchenko, I.; Kruse, J.; Kurusu, K.; Landsman, H.; Latif, Uzair Abdul; Laundrie, A.; Li, C.-J.; Liu, T.C.; Lu, M.-Y.; Ludwig, Andrew; Mase, K.; Meures, T.; Nam, J. W.; Nichol, R. J.; Nir, G.; Oberla, E.; O’Murchadha, A.; Pan, Y.; Pfendner, C.; Ransom, M.; Ratzlaff, K.; Roth, James D.; Sandstrom, P.; Seckel, D.; Shiao, Y.-S.; Shultz, A.; Smith, Daniel A.; Song, M.; Sullivan, M.; Touart, J.; Vieregg, A. G.; Wang, M.-Z.; Wang, S.-H.; Wei, K.; Wissel, Stephanie; Yoshida, Shigeru; Young, R.

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2019.01.067

Cited by 51 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The trigger simulation is set up as such that any instrumental trigger can be rebuilt in software. Nu-RadioReco offers modules to simulate different trigger conditions, e.g., a simple threshold trigger, a high and low trigger as implemented on the SST electronic [79] used by ARIANNA [8] that also allows to specify temporal coincidences between different channels, or more complex triggers such as the phased array concept used by ARA [12] have been included to model the instrument response as implemented in the fields.…”

Section: Trigger Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

NuRadioMC: simulating the radio emission of neutrinos from interaction to detector

et al. 2020

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NuRadioMC is a Monte Carlo framework designed to simulate ultra-high energy neutrino detectors that rely on the radio detection method. This method exploits the radio emission generated in the electromagnetic component of a particle shower following a neutrino interaction. NuRadioMC simulates everything from the neutrino interaction in a medium, the subsequent Askaryan radio emission, the propagation of the radio signal to the detector and finally the detector response. NuRadioMC is designed as a modern, modular Python-based framework, combining flexibility in detector design with user-friendliness. It includes a stateof-the-art event generator, an improved modelling of the radio emission, a revisited approach to signal propagation and increased flexibility and precision in the detector simulation. This paper focuses on the implemented physics processes and their implications for detector design. A variety of models and parameterizations for the radio emission of neutrino-induced showers are compared and reviewed. Comprehensive examples a are used to discuss the capabilities of the code and different aspects of instrumental design decisions.Keywords Neutrino astronomy · radio detection · simulation · signal processing · ice propagation · Askaryan · PACS 07.05.Kf · 95.85.Ry · 95.55.Vj · 95.85.Bh · 07.05.Tp

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Section: Trigger Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

NuRadioMC: simulating the radio emission of neutrinos from interaction to detector

et al. 2020

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“…When detecting in-ice cascades, a phased array configuration such as the one in [3] can have a detection threshold as low as ∼1 PeV in shower energy, which is considered most ambitious. Therefore, throughout this work, we will consider 1 PeV as the minimum energy a shower must possess to be detectable using radio.…”

Section: B Relevant Particle Physicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For simplicity, we will use a single dipole antenna per station at 100 m (or 5 m) of depth as proxy for a fully phased array trigger made out of dipoles and located at the same depth. An event triggers, if the voltage at the antenna reaches 1.5σ, with σ the voltage rms of thermal noise at 300 K. We have chosen 1.5σ because it is one of the most efficient thresholds that could be experimentally available by using an in-ice phased array for triggering [3]. The used bandwidth spans from 80 to 500 MHz, with a Butterworth high-pass filter of order 2 and a low-pass filter of order 10.…”

Section: B Detector Layoutmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Early stage pathfinder arrays, such as ARA [3] and ARIANNA [4], have shown that radio detection is feasible and faces no general showstoppers. The upcoming projects, such as RNO-G, scheduled to start deployment in summer 2021, will now have to show that the technique can be scaled up to finally be included in the future extension of IceCube, IceCube-Gen2 [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Signatures of secondary leptons in radio-neutrino detectors in ice

2020

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The detection of the radio emission following a neutrino interaction in ice is a promising technique to obtain significant sensitivities to neutrinos with energies above Petaelectronvolts (10 15 eV). The detectable radio emission stems from particle showers in the ice. So far, detector simulations have considered only the radio emission from the primary interaction of the neutrino. For this study, existing simulation tools have been extended to cover secondary interactions from muons and taus. We find that secondary interactions of both leptons add up to 25% to the effective volume of neutrino detectors. Also, muon and tau neutrinos can create several detectable showers, with the result that double signatures do not constitute an exclusive signature for tau neutrinos. We also find that the background of atmospheric muons from cosmic rays is non-negligible for in-ice arrays and that an air shower veto should be considered helpful for radio detectors.

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“…A. For context, the trigger efficiency of an ARA station has been measured to reach 50% at an SNR of 3.7 [46]. In the left figure, we assume an unbroken power-law spectrum with a spectral index of −2.13 to weight the energies contributing to the efficiency.…”

Section: Fig 8 Monte Carlo Estimated Analysis Efficiency As a Functmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constraints on the diffuse flux of ultrahigh energy neutrinos from four years of Askaryan Radio Array data in two stations

et al. 2020

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The Askaryan Radio Array (ARA) is an ultrahigh energy (UHE, > 10 17 eV) neutrino detector designed to observe neutrinos by searching for the radio waves emitted by the relativistic products of neutrinonucleon interactions in Antarctic ice. In this paper, we present constraints on the diffuse flux of ultrahigh energy neutrinos between 10 16 and 10 21 eV resulting from a search for neutrinos in two complementary analyses, both analyzing four years of data (2013-2016) from the two deep stations (A2, A3) operating at that time. We place a 90% CL upper limit on the diffuse all flavor neutrino flux at 10 18 eV of EFðEÞ ¼ 5.6 × 10 −16 cm −2 s −1 sr −1. This analysis includes four times the exposure of the previous ARA result and represents approximately 1=5th the exposure expected from operating ARA until the end of 2022.

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Design and performance of an interferometric trigger array for radio detection of high-energy neutrinos

Cited by 51 publications

References 36 publications

NuRadioMC: simulating the radio emission of neutrinos from interaction to detector

NuRadioMC: simulating the radio emission of neutrinos from interaction to detector

Signatures of secondary leptons in radio-neutrino detectors in ice

Constraints on the diffuse flux of ultrahigh energy neutrinos from four years of Askaryan Radio Array data in two stations

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