Design and Performance of a New Zn0.5Mg0.5FeMnO4 Porous Spinel as Anode Material for Li-Ion Batteries

Abstract

Due to the low capacity, low working potential, and lithium coating at fast charging rates of graphite material as an anode for Li-ion batteries (LIBs), it is necessary to develop novel anode materials for LIBs with higher capacity, excellent electrochemical stability, and good safety. Among different transition-metal oxides, AB2O4 spinel oxides are promising anode materials for LIBs due to their high theoretical capacities, environmental friendliness, high abundance, and low cost. In this work, a novel, porous Zn0.5Mg0.5FeMnO4 spinel oxide was successfully prepared via the sol–gel method and then studied as an anode material for Li-ion batteries (LIBs). Its crystal structure, morphology, and electrochemical properties were, respectively, analyzed through X-ray diffraction, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, and cyclic voltammetry/galvanostatic discharge/charge measurements. From the X-ray diffraction, Zn0.5Mg0.5FeMnO4 spinel oxide was found to crystallize in the cubic structure with Fd3¯m symmetry. However, the Zn0.5Mg0.5FeMnO4 spinel oxide exhibited a porous morphology formed by interconnected 3D nanoparticles. The porous Zn0.5Mg0.5FeMnO4 anode showed good cycling stability in its capacity during the initial 40 cycles with a retention capacity of 484.1 mAh g−1 after 40 cycles at a current density of 150 mA g−1, followed by a gradual decrease in the range of 40–80 cycles, which led to reaching a specific capacity close to 300.0 mAh g−1 after 80 cycles. The electrochemical reactions of the lithiation/delithiation processes and the lithium-ion storage mechanism are discussed and extracted from the cyclic voltammetry curves.

Facilely Fabricating F-Doped Fe3N Nanoellipsoids Grown on 3D N-Doped Porous Carbon Framework as a Preeminent Negative Material

“…Figure 4a gives the N2 sorption isotherm of the F-Fe3N/NPCF composite, which displays a type IV pattern. This result implies that the F-Fe3N/NPCF composite contains a lot of mesopores [37,38]. The F-Fe3N/NPCF composite has a high BET-specific surface area of 450.13 m 2 g -1 and a pore volume of 0.26 cm 3 g -1 .…”

PPy-Coated Mo3S4/CoMo2S4 Nanotube-like Heterostructure for High-Performance Lithium Storage

“…As shown in Figure 2a, the Co-Fe PBA precursor presents uniform cubes with a relatively smooth surface and sharp edges and with an average size of ~120 nm. As shown in Figure 2b, the Co-Mo sulfide intermediate with similar cubes (~120 nm) was formed through an ionic exchange reaction between Fe(CN) 6 3− in Co-Fe PBA and S 2− during the hydrothermal process [37]. To obtain the Mo 3 S 4 /CoMo 2 S 4 heterostructure, high-temperature calcination was conducted.…”

“…The consumption of fossil fuels and the resulting environmental pollution have prompted researchers to explore efficient, clean and sustainable energy storage and conversion technologies. To date, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), as an outstanding representative of electrochemical energy storage technology, have been widely used in portable electronic devices, hybrid vehicles and large-scale energy storage owing to their high energy/power density and long cycling lifespan [1][2][3][4][5][6]. As a key component of LIBs, anode materials play an important role in their operating voltage, energy density, rate performance, cycling stability, etc.…”

“…Compared with the graphite anode, transition metal sulfides (TMSs) have received considerable attention due to their high theoretical capacities, suitable operating voltages and excellent electrochemical reversibility [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. Generally speaking, TMSs react electrochemically with lithium based on a conversion mechanism to form a metallic substance and Li 2 S, which results in relatively good conductivity and high theoretical capacity [ 6 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. Unfortunately, the development of TMSs is restricted by their large volume change during the lithium insertion and extraction.…”